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ABSTRACT
As of yet, civil society support for military coups has hardly been investigated in depth. This article compares the attempted military coup in 2006 against Philippine President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, which received support from prominent civil society leaders, to the collaboration between civil society actors and the military-backed Caretaker Government that ruled Bangladesh from 2007 to 2008. It argues that in both cases, civil society support for military intervention can be traced to the weakness of the state.
Acknowledgements
The field research for this article was conducted between 2007 and 2009 during the author’s field research for her dissertation.
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author.
ORCID
Jasmin Lorch http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9484-8701
Notes
1 Interviews: Laban ng Masa (LM) representative, Manila, September and December 2009; Catholic scholar, Manila, October 2009; leading Institute for Popular Democracy (IPD) representative, Manila, September 2009.
2 Interviews: LM representative, Manila, December 2009; leading IPD representative, Manila, September 2009.
3 Interview: Navy General instrumental in foiling the 2006 coup attempt, Manila, November 2009.
4 Interview: leading LM representative, Manila, December 2009.
5 Interviews: leading Magdalo member, Manila, December 2009; public intellectual, Manila, December 2009.
6 Interview: leading LM representative, Manila, December 2009.
7 Interview: leading LM representative, Manila, December 2009.
8 Interview: leading LM representative, Manila, December 2009.
9 Interview: author of the ‘Blueprint’, Manila, December 2009.
10 Interviews: Magdalo leader, Manila, December 2009; leading IPD representative, Manila, September 2009; leading LM representative, Manila, December 2009.
11 Interview: leading IPD representative, Manila, September 2009.
12 Interviews: leading LM member, Manila, October and November 2009.
13 Interview: international expert, Manila, September 2009.
14 Interview: leading IPD representative, Manila, September 2009.
15 Interview: international expert, Manila, September 2009.
16 Interview: leading Magdalo members, Manila, December 2009.
17 Interviews: leading Sujan representative, Dhaka, November 2008; source inside the CPD, Dhaka, December 2008; high-ranking TIB official, Dhaka, January 2009; two human rights lawyers, Dhaka, November 2008; retired army general, Dhaka, December 2008 and March 2009.
18 Interview: leading Sujan representative, Dhaka, November 2008.
19 Interview: high-ranking Democracy Watch representative, Dhaka, December 2008.
20 Interview: retired army general, Dhaka, March 2009.
21 Interview: retired army general, Dhaka, March 2009.
22 Interviews: leading Sujan representative, Dhaka, November 2008; high-ranking TIB official, Dhaka, January 2009; high-ranking representative of TIB and Sujan, Dhaka, March 2009; CTG Election Commissioner, Dhaka, February 2009.
23 Interview: local scholar, Dhaka, January 2009.
24 Interview: CTG Election Commissioner, Dhaka, February 2009.
25 See endnote 22.
26 Interviews: high-ranking TIB official, Dhaka, January 2009; high-ranking representative of TIB and Sujan, Dhaka, March 2009.
27 Interview: high-ranking TIB official, Dhaka, January 2009.
28 Interview: source inside the CPD, Dhaka, December 2008. See also ICG (2008: 20).
29 Interview: source inside the CPD, Dhaka, December 2008.
30 Interview: former campus correspondent, Berlin, November 2009.
31 Interview: leading Sujan representative, Dhaka, November 2008.
32 Interview: leading Sujan representative, Dhaka, November 2008.
33 Interview: senior journalist and military expert, Dhaka, December 2009.
34 Interviews: military expert at Dhaka University, Dhaka, December 2008; high-ranking representative of TIB and Sujan, Dhaka, March 2009.