Estimates of individual factors of the tryptophan requirement based on protein and tryptophan accretion responses to increasing tryptophan supply in broiler chickens 8 – 21 days of age

Abstract

Ten diets (196 g CP and 13.0 MJ ME_N/kg) with graded levels of tryptophan (Trp) between 0.9 and 2.7 g/kg were offered ad libitum to Ross broilers from day 8 – 21 post-hatch. Each diet was allocated to three pens of ten birds each. In addition to growth and feed conversion, the accretions of protein, Trp, fat, and energy were determined by comparative whole body analyses. A sigmoidal function was fitted to the data. Responses to Trp supply were nonlinear and attained plateau values (y_max) within the studied range of Trp supply. The y_max values estimated for BW gain, whole body protein gain, and Trp gain during the 14 days under study were 615, 104, and 0.87 g/bird, respectively. Based on the response in whole body protein gain, the estimated requirement was 1.9 g Trp/kg of diet or 0.15 g Trp/MJ of ME_N. Estimates made from the other response criteria were similar to this value. While the protein concentration in gained BW was unaffected by Trp intake (169 g of protein per kg of gained BW), fat and energy concentrations of gained BW increased with increasing Trp supply, approaching plateau values of 146 g fat and 9.8 MJ energy per kg of gained BW. This is supposed to result from feed intake increasing with Trp supplementation. The Trp concentration in gained whole body protein (0.84 g Trp/16 g of gained N) was not significantly affected by Trp intake. As long as Trp intake was the limiting factor, 59% of supplemented Trp was transferred to gained whole body protein. During the 14 days of the study, broilers inevitably lost 87 mg Trp. This is equivalent to a daily loss of 30 mg/kg BW or a maintenance requirement of 52 mg/kg BW per day. Data determined for the individual factors may be used for future modelling of broilers' Trp requirement.

Keywords:

• Tryptophan
• broilers
• gain
• body protein
• utilization
• inevitable loss

Acknowledgement

This study was supported by the German Academic Exchange Office (DAAD) with a doctoral scholarship for A. A. Fatufe, which is gratefully acknowledged.