Diagnosis of congenital hip dysplasia in the newborn

Figures & data

Table 1.  Calculated sensitivity and positive predictive value (PPV) for the pediatricians’ clinical examinations

Doctor	No. of patients referred due to positive clinical signs of CDH	No. of patients referred for any cause, who were treated for CDH	No. of patients judged to have positive clinical signs, who were treated for CDH	Estimated sensitivity (%)	Estimated PPV (%)
1	137	84	55	66	40
2	62	66	40	61	65
3	12	16	11	69	92
4	67	37	28	76	42
5	8	15	3	20	38
6	22	6	6	100	27
Total	308 ^a	224	143	64	46

^aThe total number of patients (308) examined by the physicians is less than the total number of patients referred with positive clinical signs because some referral forms were unsigned and the referring physician could not be reliably determined.

Table 2.  Association between the results of the ultrasound examination and the decisions made by the orthopedic surgeon. The material has been divided into two groups: with or without any difference in classification of right and left hip

Lowest FHC (%) of right and left	Nos. judged to be pathological by the orthopedic surgeon (%)		P–value
	No difference	Difference
<40	4/4(100)	20/20(100)	1
40-44	26/27 (96)	71/73 (97)	1
45-49	29/40 (73)	78/156(50)	0.01
50-54	28/851 (3.3)	3/205(1.5)	0.2
>54	5/523 (1.0)	-	-
Total	92/1445(6.4)	172/454(37.9)	< 0.001

Table 3.  Results of the femoral head coverage (FHC; %) measurements and the orthopedic surgeon's decision on whether or not to start treatment. The material has been divided into two groups depending on whether or not the referring pediatrician found a positive Ortolani/Barlow test

Lowest FHC (%) of right and left	Nos. judged to be pathological by the orthopedic surgeon (%)		P‐value
	Positive	Negative
<40	20/20 (100)	4/4(100)	1
40-44	59/60 (98)	38/40 (95)	0.6
45-49	57/76 (75)	50/120(42)	< 0.001
50-54	25/155(16)	6/901 (0.7)	< 0.001
>54	4/55 (7.3)	1/468 (0.2)	0.001
Total	165/366(45)	99/1533(6.5)	< 0.001