Good outcome scores and high satisfaction rate after primary total ankle replacement

Figures & data

Flowchart.

Table 1. Diagnosis, sex, and mean age of 241 patients

Diagnosis	Women	Men	Total	Mean age (SD)
Osteoarthritis	20	39	59	68 (8)
Rheumatoid arthritis	59	8	67	60 (13)
Posttraumatic arthritis	48	42	90	62 (10)
Other	11	14	25	58 (12)
Total	138	103	241	62 (11)

Table 2. Patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) scores. Values are mean (SD)

	Postopertive score
PROM n =	Preop. 220–236^a	6 months 116–127^a	12 months 166–183^a	24 months 150–167^a
SEFAS	16 (7)	28 (10)	30 (10)	31 (9)
EQ-5D	0.4 (0.3)	0.6 (0.3)	0.7 (0.3)	0.7 (0.3)
EQ-VAS	54 (22)	67 (20)	71 (19)	73 (18)
SF-36 ph	34 (20)	51 (24)	55 (25)	59 (24)
SF-36 bp	30 (15)	51 (23)	58 (25)	59 (24)
SF-36 PCS	29 (9)	36 (12)	39 (12)	40 (11)
SF-36 MCS	49 (16)	53 (13)	52 (14)	53 (13)

SF-36 ph: physical functioning, bp: bodily pain,

PCS: physical component summary scale,

MCS: mental component summary scale.

a Not all patients completed all questionnaires.

Table 3. Association between postoperative outcome and age, diagnosis, and prosthetic design

Factor	SEFAS at 24 months	Δ SEFAS^a	EQ-5D at 24 months	Δ EQ-5D^a	Satis- faction
Age^b
r	0.2	0.2	0.1	–0.08	–0.2
p-value	0.01	0.01	0.09	0.3	0.02
Diagnosis^c
p-value	0.1	0.03^d	0.2	0.2	0.4
Prosthetic design^e
p-value	0.3	0.2	0.5	0.6	0.4

r: correlation coefficient.

a Change preoperative to 24 months.

b Correlation analyses

c ANOVA with post-hoc analyses.

d No post-hoc group differences.

e ANOVA analyses

Table 4. Association between SF-36 and age, diagnosis, and prosthetic design

	Age		Diagnosis		Prosthetic design p-value^a
SF-36 subscore	r	p-value	p-value^a	Tukey post-hoc test
Preoperative
ph	0.01	0.9	< 0.001	≤ 0.001^b
bp	0.1	0.08	0.01	0.01^c
PCS	0.03	0.7	< 0.001	≤ 0.002^d
MCS	0.07	0.3	0.03	0.03^e
24 months postoperative
ph	0.1	0.5	0.001	≤ 0.003^f	0.7
bp	0.2	0.01	0.7		0.8
PCS	0.1	0.2	0.04	0.03^g	0.8
MCS	0.1	0.1	0.2		0.4
Preop to 24 months postop
ph	0.1	0.4	0.3		0.7
bp	0.1	0.1	0.7		0.1
PCS	0.1	0.2	0.06		0.9
MCS	–0.003	0.9	0.8		0.8

SF-36 ph: physical functioning; bp: bodily pain;

PCS: physical component summary scale;

MCS: mental component summary scale.

r: correlation coefficient.

a ANOVA.

b p < 0.001 difference between RA (lower scores) and PTA and OA.

c p = 0.01 difference between RA (lower scores) and PTA.

d p ≤ 0.002 difference between RA (lower scores) and all other diagnoses.

e p = 0.03 difference between PTA and OA (both higher scores) and other diagnoses.

f p = ≤ 0.003 difference between RA (lower scores) and PTA and OA.

g p = 0.03 difference between RA (lower scores) and OA.

Table 5. Changes in patient-reported outcome (PROM) scores

	Mean difference (95% CI) between
PROM	preop. and 24 months postop.	p-value^a	6 months and 24 months postop.	p-value^a
SEFAS	15 (14–17)	< 0.001	2.5 (0.7 to 4.4)	0.01
EQ-5D	0.3 (0.2–0.3)	0.05	0.02 (–0.04 to 0.07)	0.6
EQ-VAS	19 (15–23)	< 0.001	3 (0 to 4)	0.08
SF-36 ph	23 (19–26)	< 0.001	7 (3 to 11)	0.001
SF-36 bp	26 (22–30)	0.01	3 (–2.5 to to 9)	0.3
SF-36 PCS	10 (9–12)	< 0.001	2 (0 to 5)	0.07
SF-36 MCS	4 (2–6)	< 0.001	–0.5 (–4 to 3)	0.8

SF-36 ph: physical functioning, bp: bodily pain;

PCS: physical component summary scale;

MCS: mental component summary scale.

a paired t-tests.