Obesity-related metabolic and endocrine disorders diagnosed during postoperative follow-up of slipped capital femoral epiphysis

Figures & data

Flow chart demonstrating excluded patients.

Table 1. Demographic data

		SCFE group (n = 51)	Healthy group
Data	At time of surgery	Last control	(n = 62)	p-value
Female/male^a	4 / 47		5 / 57	1^c
Age (years)^b	13.4 (11–16)	16.6 (16–23)	16.9 (15–21)	0.9^d
CI	[13.0–13.7]	[16.1–17.1]	[16.1–16.9]
Follow-up (years)^b	–	3.1 (2–7)	–
BMI percentile^b	91 (65–99)	89 (59–99)	90 (65–98)	0.9^d
CI	[89–94]	[87–92]	[87–92]
BMI percentile^a
Obese	16	13	15
Overweight	29	29	38	0.6^e
Normal weight	6	9	9

a Number of patients.

b Values are mean, (range), and [95% confidence interval].

c p-values (2-sided) according chi-square/Fisher’s exact test and

d p-values (2-sided) according to Student’s t-test. p-values indicate comparison of last control values in SCFE group and values in healthy group.

e p-value that expresses comparison of frequencies of obese or overweight individuals in the SCFE group and control group.

Table 2. Comparison of last-follow up serum lipid profile and serum 25-OH vitamin D levels of the patients versus control group

	SCFE group (n = 51)		Control group (n = 62)		p-value^a	p-value^b
Lipid profile (mg/dL)
Total cholesterol^c	36 / 8 / 7	160 (33) [150–169]	47 / 8 / 7	158 (30) [151–166]	0.9	0.5
LDL-C^c	30 / 6 / 15	122 (96) [95–149]	41 / 14 / 7	112 (89) [89–135]	0.2	0.7
TG^c	18 / 5 / 28	167 (142) [127–207]	29 / 25 / 8	149 (134) [114–184]	0.3	0.2
HDL-C^d	14 / 13 / 24	45 (11) [42–48]	10 / 17 / 35	46 (10) [43–49]	0.4	0.7
Vit-D (25-OH)
(ng/mL)^e	0 / 39 / 12	17 (8) [15–19]	0 / 46 / 16	17 (8) [15–19]	0.7	0.6

a p-values indicate the comparison of the sum of borderline-high and high frequencies of total cholesterol, LDL-C, TG, the sum of borderline-low and low frequencies of HDL-C and insufficient frequencies of Vit-D of the 2 groups.

b Adjusted by sex and age.

c Values are number of patients with acceptable/borderline high/high levels, mean serum level (SD), and [95% CI]

d Values are number of patients with low/borderline low/acceptable levels, mean serum level (SD), and [95% CI]

e Values are number of patients with sufficient/deficient/insufficient levels, mean serum level (SD), and [95% CI]

Table 3. Comparison of last follow-up HbA1c and fasting blood glucose levels

	SCFE group (n = 51)	Control group (n = 62)	p-value
HbA1c
Serum level (mg/dL)^a	5.5 (0.3) [5.4–5.6]	5.3 (0.2) [5.3–5.4]	< 0.01^c	0.04^d
Normal glucose tolerance^b	43	60	0.04^e
At risk for diabetes mellitus^b	7	2
Type 2 diabetes mellitus^b	1	0
Fasting blood glucose
Serum level (mg/dL)^a	99 (14) [95–103]	99 (SD) [95–102]	0.7^c
Normal fasting glucose^b	49	62	NS
Impaired fasting glucose^b	2	0

NS = not studied

a Values are mean (standard deviation), and [confidence interval]

b Values are number of patients.

c p-value indicates the comparison of the means of serum levels of HbA1c and fasting blood glucose of two groups according to Mann–Whitney U-test.

d Adjusted by sex and age.

e p-value indicates the comparison of the sum of at risk for diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes mellitus frequencies of two groups according to chi-square/Fisher’s exact (F) test.

Table 4. Multivariate logistic regression analyses of potential high HbA1c level related to confounding variables

	OR (Exp(B))	95% CI	p-value
SCFE	6.0	1.1–32	0.03^a
Blood glucose	1.3	0.9–1.1	0.4
BMI percentile	1.2	0.9–1.5	0.7
Age	1.2	0.6–2.4	0.5
LDL-C	0.9	0.9–1.0	0.4
Total cholesterol	1.0	0.9–1.0	0.7
Triglycerides	1.0	0.9–1.0	0.2
Vitamin D	0.9	0.8–1.0	0.3

OR = odds ratio

a HbA1c levels were found to be related only to the SCFE group. Other variables, especially weight, which has the potential to raise HbA1c levels, were irrelevant. The confidence interval is rather wide because the numbers of abnormal HbA1c results, particularly for non-SCFE cases, are very small.