Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor use in hip fracture patients: a Danish nationwide prevalence study

Figures & data

Table 4. Participant characteristics according to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) use 2006–2016. Values are frequency (%)

Variable	All participants	Hip fracture patients		General population
		SSRI users	Non-users	SSRI users	Non-users
Total	411,627 (100)	16,081 (23)	52,526 (77)	41,191 (12)	301,829 (88)
Median age	83 (64–108)	84 (65–105)	83 (65–108)	86 (64–106)	83 (64–108)
Age
65–74	79,667 (19)	2,705 (20)	10,585 (80)	4,690 (7)	61,687 (93)
75–84	157,030 (38)	6,331 (24)	19,797 (76)	14,569 (11)	116,333 (89)
≥ 85	174,930 (43)	7,045 (24)	22,144 (76)	21,932 (15)	123,809 (85)
Sex
Male	118,706 (29)	4,219 (21)	15,567 (79)	8,288 (8)	90,632 (92)
Female	292,921 (71)	11,862 (24)	36,959 (76)	32,903 (13)	211,197 (87)
Operation year
2006	37,681 (9)	1,618 (26)	4,663 (74)	4,070 (13)	27,330 (87)
2007	38,406 (9)	1,687 (26)	4,714 (74)	4,102 (13)	27,903 (87)
2008	41,028 (10)	1,753 (26)	5,085 (74)	4,370 (13)	29,820 (87)
2009	37,351 (9)	1,599 (26)	4,627 (74)	3,979 (13)	27,146 (87)
2010	39,024 (10)	1,684 (26)	4,820 (74)	4,183 (13)	28,337 (87)
2011	39,012 (9)	1,591 (24)	4,911 (76)	4,163 (13)	28,347 (87)
2012	37,230 (9)	1,442 (23)	4,763 (77)	3,815 (12)	27,210 (88)
2013	37,255 (9)	1,320 (21)	4,890 (79)	3,583 (12)	27,462 (88)
2014	36,462 (9)	1,209 (20)	4,868 (80)	3,203 (11)	27,182 (89)
2015	36,180 (9)	1,206 (20)	4,824 (80)	3,118 (10)	27,032 (90)
2016	31,998 (8)	972 (18)	4,361 (82)	2,605 (10)	24,060 (90)
CCI score
Low (0)	255,954 (62)	6,470 (19)	27,979 (81)	20,459 (9)	201,046 (91)
Medium (1–2)	121,213 (30)	6,917 (28)	17,999 (72)	15,894 (17)	80,403 (83)
High (3+)	34,460 (8)	2,694 (29)	6,548 (71)	4,838 (19)	20,380 (81)
Other medication
NSAIDs	85,307 (21)	3,559 (24)	11,033 (76)	8,677 (12)	62,038 (88)
Corticosteroids	34,400 (8)	1,884 (27)	5,214 (73)	4,224 (15)	23,078 (85)
Anticoagulants	184,999 (45)	9,077 (27)	24,463 (73)	22,373 (15)	129,086 (85)
Statins	111,799 (27)	4,565 (26)	13,040 (74)	11,711 (12)	82,483 (88)
Non-SSRI anti-depressants	39,550 (10)	3,798 (38)	6,117 (62)	9,683 (33)	19,952 (67)
Antipsychotics	20,579 (6)	2,683 (42)	3,669 (58)	5,123 (36)	9,104 (64)

CCI: Charlson Comorbidity Index

Table 6. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) use in hip fracture patients compared with SSRI use in the general population sample

Variable	Unadjusted PRR (95% CI)	Adjusted PRR ^a (95% CI)
Total	2.0 (1.9–2.0)	2.0 (1.9–2.0)
Age
65–74	2.9 (2.8–3.0)	2.9 (2.8–3.0)
75–84	2.2 (2.1–2.2)	2.2 (2.1–2.2)
≥ 85	1.6 (1.6–1.7)	1.6 (1.6–1.7)
Sex
Male	2.5 (2.5–2.6)	2.5 (2.5–2.6)
Female	1.8 (1.8–1.8)	1.8 (1.8–1.8)
CCI score
Low (0)	2.0 (2.0–2.1)	1.9 (1.9–2.0)
Medium (1–2)	1.7 (1.6–1.7)	1.7 (1.7–1.8)
High (3+)	1.5 (1.5–1.6)	1.5 (1.5–1.6)
Other medication
NSAIDs	2.0 (1.9–2.1)	2.0 (1.9–2.1)
Corticosteroids	1.7 (1.6–1.8)	1.8 (1.7–1.9)
Anticoagulants	1.8 (1.8–1.9)	1.9 (1.8–1.9)
Statins	2.1 (2.0–2.2)	2.1 (2.0–2.2)
Non-SSRI antidepressants	1.2 (1.1–1.2)	1.2 (1.2–1.3)
Antipsychotics	1.2 (1.1–1.2)	1.2 (1.1–1.3)

^a Adjusted for age and sex.

CCI: Charlson Comorbidity Index

Table 7. Prevalence risk ratios (PRRs) of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) use according to hip fracture patients’ characteristics

Variable	Unadjusted PRR (95% CI)	Adjusted PRR ^a (95% CI)
Age
65–74	1.0	1.0
75–84	1.2 (1.1–1.3)	1.2 (1.1–1.2)
≥ 85	1.2 (1.1–1.2)	1.2 (1.1–1.2)
Sex
Male	1.0	1.0
Female	1.1 (1.1–1.2)	1.1 (1.1–1.2)
Marital status
Married	1.0	1.0
Unmarried	1.2 (1.2–1.2)	1.2 (1.1–1.2)
Housing
Own accommodation	1.0	1.0
Homeless	0.5 (0.1–2.0)	0.5 (0.1–2.1)
Residential institution	2.3 (2.2–2.4)	2.3 (2.2–2.4)
Operation year
2006	1.0	1.0
2007	1.0 (1.0–1.1)	1.0 (1.0–1.1)
2008	1.0 (0.9–1.1)	1.0 (0.9–1.1)
2009	1.0 (0.9–1.1)	1.0 (0.9–1.1)
2010	1.0 (0.9–1.1)	1.0 (0.9–1.1)
2011	1.0 (0.9–1.0)	1.0 (0.9–1.0)
2012	0.9 (0.8–1.0)	0.9 (0.8–1.0)
2013	0.8 (0.8–0.9)	0.8 (0.8–0.9)
2014	0.8 (0.7–0.8)	0.8 (0.7–0.8)
2015	0.8 (0.7–0.8)	0.8 (0.7–0.8)
2016	0.7 (0.7–0.8)	0.7 (0.7–0.8)
Body mass index
< 18.5: Underweight	1.1 (1.0–1.1)	1.0 (1.0–1.1)
≥ 18.5 < 25: Normal weight	1.0	1.0
≥ 25: Overweight or obese	1.0 (1.0–1.0)	1.0 (1.0–1.1)
Charlson comorbidity index
Low (0)	1.0	1.0
Medium (1–2)	1.5 (1.4–1.5)	1.5 (1.5–1.6)
High (3+)	1.6 (1.5–1.6)	1.6 (1.6–1.7)
Comorbidity
Myocardial infarction	1.1 (1.0–1.2)	1.1 (1.0–1.2)
Congestive heart failure	1.1 (1 .1–1.2)	1.1 (1.1–1.2)
Peripheral vascular disease	1.1 (1.1–1.2)	1.2 (1.1–1.2)
Cerebrovascular disease	1.6 (1.5–1.6)	1.6 (1.5–1.7)
Dementia	2.0 (1.9–2.1)	2.0 (1.9–2.1)
Chronic pulmonary disease	1.3 (1.2–1.3)	1.3 (1.2–1.3)
Connective tissue disease	1.0 (0.9–1.1)	1.0 (0.9–1.1)
Ulcer disease	1.3 (1.3–1.4)	1.3 (1.3–1.4)
Liver disease	1.1 (1.0–1.3)	1.2 (1.0–1.3)
Diabetes type 1 and 2	1.1 (1.0–1.1)	1.1 (1.1–1.2)
Hemiplegia	1.6 (1.2–2.0)	1.6 (1.3–2.1)
Moderate to severe renal disease	1.1 (1.1–1.2)	1.2 (1.1–1.3)
Cancer	1.0 (1.0–1.1)	1.0 (1.0–1.1)
Other medication
NSAIDs	1.1 (1.0–1.1)	1.1 (1.0–1.1)
Corticosteroids	1.2 (1.1–1.2)	1.2 (1.1–1.2)
Anticoagulants	1.4 (1.3–1.4)	1.4 (1.3–1.4)
Statins	1.2 (1.1–1.2)	1.2 (1.1–1.2)
Non-SSRI antidepressants	1.8 (1.8–1.9)	1.8 (1.8–1.9)
Antipsychotics	2.0 (1.9–2.0)	1.0 (1.9–2.1)

^a Adjusted for age and sex.

Annual prevalence of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor use in hip fracture patients (left panel) and in the general population (right panel), 2006–2016, overall and stratified by generic type.