Photocatalytic degradation of formaldehyde by nanostructured TiO₂ composite films

Figures & data

Figure 1. Adsorption curve of the samples in formaldehyde solutions.

Figure 2. Decomposition kinetics of formaldehyde solutions using pure TiO₂, TiO₂–SiO₂, and Fe³⁺/F⁻ co-doped TiO₂–SiO₂ films on glass substrates under visible light irradiation for 200 min.

Figure 3. (a) UV–Vis absorption spectra and (b) plots of (αhν)^1/2 versus energy (hν) for pure TiO₂, TiO₂–SiO₂, and Fe³⁺/F⁻ co-doped TiO₂–SiO₂ films.

Figure 4. PL spectra of pure TiO₂, TiO₂–SiO₂, and Fe³⁺/F⁻ co-doped TiO₂–SiO₂ films.

Figure 5. N₂ adsorption/ desorption isotherms of pure TiO₂, TiO₂–SiO₂, and Fe³⁺/F ⁻ co-doped TiO₂–SiO₂ powders.

Figure 6. XRD patterns of pure TiO₂, and Fe³⁺/F⁻ co-doped TiO₂–SiO₂ samples.

Figure 7. FE-SEM images of (a) pure TiO₂ and (b) Fe³⁺/F⁻ co-doped TiO₂–SiO₂ composite films calcined at 450 °C in air for 1 h.

Figure 8. EDS images of the Fe³⁺/F⁻ co-doped TiO₂–SiO₂ composite film calcined at 450 °C in air for 1 h.