Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) extract and its photovoltaic application

Figures & data

Scheme 1. Reaction of formation of ZnONPs.

Figure 1. A schematic view of the ZnO/GO/TiO₂ solar cell.

Figure 2. (Colour online) (1) aqueous solution of zinc nitrate; (2) tomato extract; (3–6) colour change under different microwave power.

Figure 3. UV–vis spectra of ZnONPs at different microwave power.

Figure 4. Infra-red spectra of ZnONPs at different microwave power.

Figure 5. Particle analyser histogram of ZnONPs at 360 and 540 W.

Figure 6. (a) SEM, (b) AFM and (c) TEM image of ZnONPs at 540 W.

Figure 7. XRD of ZnONPs at 540 W.

Figure 8. UV–vis spectra of thin films.

Figure 9. SEM image of thin film of ZnO/GO/TiO₂.

Figure 10. AFM of thin film of ZnO/GO/TiO₂.

Figure 11. XRD of thin film of ZnO/GO/TiO₂.

Figure 12. J–V curve of thin films.

Table 1. Current voltage performance of thin films of ZnO, ZnO/GO and ZnO/GO/ TiO₂.

Composite	Voc (V)	Jsc (mA cm^−2)	FF	η (%)
ZnO	0.612	14.4	0.52	4.61
ZnO/GO	0.606	15.8	0.55	5.26
ZnO/GO/ TiO2	0.512	17.4	0.69	6.18