“What an eye-opener” – a qualitative study of vulnerable citizens participating in a municipality-based intervention

Figures & data

Table I. Well-being in Daily Life—intervention programme: main topic, content and exercises.

Session no.	Main topic	Content	Exercise
1	Welcome	Clarification of purpose, structure, dates and content of the intervention. Expectations to group dynamic and collaboration. Oral presentation of the participants.	Exercise: Filling out the Life-wheel, based on the intervention themes.
2	Values	Follow-up from last session. Introduction to the theme “Values”	Exercise: Working with values-cards, rephrasing individually. Working in pairs.
3	Activities of daily-living	Follow-up from last session. Maslows hierarchy of needs, introduction.	Exercise: Mapping activities of everyday life, individually and in pairs. Focus on activities with value.
4	Food and well-being	Follow-up from last session. Oral presentation: “Food and well-being” with participants experiences and group exercises. Websites with healthy meals/food-guidance.	Exercise in groups: How does food and meals have an effect on your well-being?
5	Food and routines —practical exercises	Participants are working together to make a meal (breakfast). Healthy food, collaboration with others and social development is the focus.	Practical exercise
6	Energy-balance	Follow-up from last session. Introduction to “Energy-balance and well-being” In plenum: Why is this theme important? Introduction to “The Battery-model”.	Exercise individually and in pairs: Identification of three activities, which gives energy and three, which takes energy from the participants.
7	Energy-balance (follow-up) and Sleep	Focus on their balance of energy. Clarification of the importance of: - Having focus on both kinds of activities (gives and takes energy). - Having short-term goals and structure is important. - Living in the moment. Group discussion regarding new theme “Sleep”. - How does sleep effect our energy and well-being? - Why is sleep important?
8	Sleep (follow-up)	Group-work: what effects sleep in a positive way regarding … - Daily activities - Evening activities - Food - Physical environment Introduction to music, relaxing- and mindfulness-exercises.	Exercise: Relaxing exercise
9	Physical activities, practical exercises	Introduction to physical activities: - Experiences’ of the participants - Recommendation of physical exercise - Routines - Categorizing activities (household, exercising and sports) - The benefits of walking 10–15 min everyday - Distribution of 8 hours of sleep, 16 hours of sitting, standing walking and exercising.	Exercise: 2 × 10 min 1) Warming-up the body, cardio, balance-exercises. 2) Games, laugh and focus on cognition.
10	Physical activities (follow-up) and Network	Follow-up from last session. Introduction to the theme “Network” - What is a network? - What importance does it have? Social needs in regard to self-esteem and self-image?	Exercise in pair: -“What can I do to be more physical active in my everyday life?” Exercise in groups: Plan an exercise for all participants in the next session. Exercise: All participants chooses a mood-card which identifies the feeling they experiencing when being with others. Optional if they want to present their card in plenum. Exercise in groups: Mapping of their network, close or distanced relationships.
11	Network (follow-up)	Follow-up from last session. In plenum: - The importance of network? - Why is it important to have focus on network? - What does it give you meeting the intervention-group? - How can you use your experiences afterwards? - Which activities/offers do you know that can create a network? - How can you make contact? - How do you move on? How to make my network stronger? Information about networking. A walk in the park Life-wheel is returned to the participants. Has there been a change?
12	Evaluation	Follow-up from last session. Evaluation of the intervention in groups: - The content - The process - The group - What are you taking home? Presentation of the evaluation in the groups. Evaluation in plenum.

Table II. Participant characteristics.

ID no.	Gender	Age	Mental health problem	Current work status	Previous work status	Social status
1	Female	31	Bipolar affective mental health disorder	Vocational rehabilitation programme	Pedagogue	Single, Children
2	Male	37	Social anxiety	Vocational rehabilitation programme	Unskilled (Former employed at a call centre)	Single
3	Female	40	Bipolar affective mental health disorder	Disability pensioner	Pedagogue	Single, Children
4	Female	46	PTSD	Vocational rehabilitation programme	Social and healthcare assistant	Married, Children
5	Male	53	Depression	Employment and support allowance	Unskilled (Former fitter)	Single
6	Female	53	Chronic pain	Rehabilitation program	Tailor and beauty therapist (Recently unskilled work)	Married, Children
7	Female	59	Depression and stroke sequelae	Vocational rehabilitation programme	Pedagogue (Recently unskilled work)	Single, Adult children
8	Male	62	Alcohol abuse	Pensioner	Special Forces and radiography	Single

Table III. Interview guide.

Research questions	Interview questions
The participant and his/her challenges: The participant perspective of life?	I would like you to tell me about yourself (name, age, family structure, occupation/education, interests, etc.)? Can you tell me about why you are unemployed at the moment? What is your personal goal for participating in Well-being in Daily Life? What has been the biggest personal challenge for you, in relation to participating in Well-being in Daily Life?
Changes resulting from participating in Well-being in Daily Life: What changes did the participant experience? What changes were not experienced? How did the participant use the changes? How did the participant not use the changes?	How will you describe what you have learned about your challenges from participating in Well-being in Daily Life? After participation, have you started doing something different? For moving on and achieve your goals and expectations, which kind of knowledge and learning do you need? Is there anything you have achieved due to participating, that I have not asked you about?
What role does the participant want to play in order to achieve his or her goal? What role do other people, institutions, rules, etc. have on achieving his/her goal?	What is your biggest challenge right now? What do you think is needed to achieve your goal? (Goal for participating and on a larger perspective)