Serum cholesterol-lowering efficacy of stanol ester incorporated in gelatin capsules

Figures & data

Table 1. Mean±SD values with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for baseline characteristics of the stanol ester and placebo groups before the treatment period

Variable	Treatment group		p (95% CI)^a
	Stanol ester (n=22)	Placebo (n=20)
Age (years)	40.1±6.6	40.2±5.8	0.99 (-3.9 to 3.9)
Body mass index (kg m^-2)	24.8±3.0	25.2±2.9	0.64 (-1.4 to 2.3)
Cholesterol (mmol l^-1)	5.6±0.6	5.7±0.7	0.62 (-0.3 to 0.5)
HDL cholesterol (mmol l^-1)	1.7±0.3	1.6±0.5	0.27 (-0.4 to 0.1)
LDL cholesterol (mmol l^-1)	3.4±0.5	3.6±0.8	0.28 (-0.2 to 0.6)
Triglyceride (mmol l^-1)	1.1±0.5	1.2±0.6	0.58 (-0.2 to 0.4)
Lipoprotein B (g l^-1)	1.1±0.2	1.1±0.2	0.30 (-0.1 to 0.2)
Lipoprotein A (g l^-1)	1.7±0.3	1.6±0.4	0.37 (-0.3 to 0.1)
LDL/HDL	2.0±0.5	2.5±1.0	0.05 (-0.0 to 1.0)

HDL: high-density lipoprotein; LDL: low-density lipoprotein.

^a 95% CI of the difference in the mean of the stanol ester and placebo groups.

Fig. 1. Mean and SD of the changes in lipid variables before and after the treatment period for the stanol ester group (-½-) and placebo group (-σ-). LDL: low-density lipoprotein; HDL: high-density lipoprotein.

Table 2. Mean±SD values and percentual change for the lipid measurements before and after treatment for the stanol ester and placebo groups

Variable	Treatment group						Percentual change in mean difference (p)
	Stanol ester (n=22)			Placebo (n=20)
	Before	After	p (95% CI)^a	Before	After	p (95% CI)*
Cholesterol (mmol l^-1)	5.6±0.7	5.3±0.8	<0.01 (-0.4 to -0.1)	5.7±0.6	5.6±0.8	0.29 (-0.3 to 0.1)	-3.1 (0.20)
HDL-cholesterol (mmol l^-1)	1.7±0.5	1.8±0.4	0.12 (-0.0 to 0.1)	1.6±0.3	1.6±0.4	0.77 (-0.1 to 0.1)	+2.1 (0.53)
LDL-cholesterol (mmol l^-1)	3.4±0.5	3.1±0.5	<0.001 (-0.4 to -0.1)	3.6±0.8	3.5±0.8	0.26 (-0.2 to 0.1)	-7.0 (0.03)
Triglyceride (mmol l^-1)	1.1±0.5	1.1±0.5	0.81 (-0.4 to -0.1)	1.2±0.6	1.2±0.7	0.37 (-0.1 to -0.1)	+3.4 (0.55)
Lipoprotein B (g l^-1)	1.1±0.2	1.0±0.1	<0.01 (-0.1 to -0.0)	1.1±0.2	1.1±0.2	0.21 (-0.1 to 0.0)	-3.5 (0.29)
Lipoprotein A (g l^-1)	1.7±0.3	1.8±0.4	0.03 (0.0 to 0.2)	1.6±0.4	1.7±0.3	0.77 (-0.1 to 0.1)	+3.6(0.30)
LDL/HDL	2.0±0.4	1.8±0.4	<0.01 (-0.4 to -0.1)	2.5±1.0	2.4±0.8	0.09 (-0.3 to 0.0)	-7.9 (0.05)

Negative values indicate decrease and positive values increase in percentual change when comparing the change in the before and after values on stanol ester treatment with the same values on placebo.

HDL: high-density lipoprotein; LDL: low-density lipoprotein.

^a 95% confidence interval (CI) of the difference in the mean before and after stanol ester or placebo treatment.

Table 3. Mean±SD values for fat, fatty acid and fibre intake before and after the treatment period for the stanol ester and placebo groups

Variable	Treatment group
	Stanol ester (n=22)			Placebo (n=20)
	Before	After	p	Before	After	p
Fat (E%)	36.5±10.9	35.4±9.4	0.51	34.4±7.2	32.6±7.7	0.21
Saturated fat (E%)	13.5±4.7	13.1±5.1	0.57	13.2±3.4	12.6±3.8	0.24
Monounsaturated fat (E%)	11.8±3.7	11.1±2.8	0.32	10.9±2.8	10.4±2.9	0.27
Polyunsaturated fat (E%)	8.1±3.2	8.0±2.9	0.90	7.4±2.8	6.7±2.7	0.47
Fibre (g)	19.0±8.6	18.49.0	0.65	19.9±7.4	21.0±7.0	0.28