Anxiety and enjoyment among young teenagers learning English as a foreign language outdoors: a mixed-methods study

Figures & data

Table 1. Descriptive data for EG and CG in terms of gender, mean age and mean grade.

Experimental group (67)					Control group (39)
Gender		Mean age (SD)	Mean grade S/W (SD)		Gender		Mean age (SD)	Mean grade S/W (SD)
Female 37	Male 30	14.29 years (0.29)	S 3.88 (0.78)	W 3.83 (0.94)	Female 21	Male 18	14.28 years (0.36)	S 3.95 (0.90)	W 4.08 (1.02)

S = spoken English, W = written English, SD = standard deviation.

Note: Performance in spoken and written English is measured on a scale from 2 to 6 where 6 reflects the best performance. For two students we did not have access to the grades.

Table 2. Descriptive data for EG and CG in terms of socioeconomic status provided by parents.

	Experimental group	Control group
Educational background
Response rate	36/67	22/39
College (1–2 years)		1
College (3 years)	1	2
Certificate of apprenticeship	6	5
University college or university (4 years or less)	9	5
University college or university (4 years or more)	20	9

Table 3. Descriptive data for the EG and CG in pre-test and post-test measuring levels of FLA.

FLA	Experimental group				Control group
	Min-Max	Mdn	IQR	M (SD)	Min-Max	Mdn	IQR	M (SD)
Pre	1.00–4.00	2.29	1.57–3.14	2.37 (0.85)	1.00–3.43	2.43	1.86–3.00	2.40 (0.69)
Post	1.00–4.00	2.36	1.86–3.14	2.50 (0.81)	1.14–3.71	2.57	2.00–3.00	2.45 (0.70)

Min = minimum, Max = maximum, Mdn = median, IQR = interquartile range, M = mean, SD = standard deviation

1 meant high FLA and 4 meant low FLA.

Table 4. Descriptive data for the EG and CG in pre-test and post-test measuring levels of FLE.

FLE	Experimental group				Control group
	Min-Max	Mdn	IQR	M (SD)	Min-Max	Mdn	IQR	M (SD)
Pre	1.33–3.10	2.07	1.86–2.33	2.09 (0.38)	1.19–4.00	1.79	1.62–2.07	1.90 (0.54)
Post	1.29–3.14	2.04	1.71–2.36	2.03 (0.41)	1.14–4.00	1.81	1.52–2.00	1.90 (0.59)

Min = minimum, Max = maximum, Mdn = median, IQR = interquartile range, M = mean, SD = standard deviation

1 meant high FLE and 4 meant low FLE.