Pharmaceuticals agents for preventing NSAID-induced gastric ulcers: a patent review

ABSTRACT

Introduction

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a class of drugs widely used due to their pharmacological potential, demonstrating anti-inflammatory, analgesic, or antipyretic activity. However, prolonged use of these medications can lead to the development of gastric ulcers in patients. This review aimed to find patents for drugs with an anti-inflammatory and gastroprotective character to treat NSAID-induced gastric ulcers.

Areas covered

For the treatment of NSAID-induced gastric ulcers, formulations with different action mechanisms were found, including donors of nitric oxide, heterocyclic compounds, and natural products.

Expert Opinion

Many of the structures found have already been used in clinic settings and others, and according to the results found, they are promising for the treatment of gastric ulcers.

Graphical Abstract

KEYWORDS:

• Anti-inflammatory
• gastroprotective
• intellectual property
• nsaids
• ulcer gastric

Article highlights

• Modified selective NSAIDs have reduced side effects in the treatment of chronic diseases.

• NSAIDs associated with other substances may have reduced gastrointestinal effects.

• Nitrous oxide donors act as mediators and regulators of inflammatory responses and cell signaling.

• Heterocyclic compounds reduce levels of inflammatory cytokines.

• Natural products reduce inflammation by regulating the oxidative pathway.

Authors’ contributions

M.R.S. was responsible for the conception and design of the manuscript. D.F.T., J.A.C.N.J., A.M.S.O. and A.M.S. analyzed and interpreted the data and wrote the draft. L.A.F., M.T.S. and E.A.C. performed a critical review of the text and the intellectual content.

Declaration of interest

The authors have no relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties.

Reviewer disclosures

Peer reviewers on this manuscript have no relevant financial or other relationships to disclose.

Additional information

Funding

This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – Brasil (CAPES) – Finance Code 001. The authors thank CAPES, FAPITEC/SE and CNPq (Brazil) for their financial support.