Figures & data
Figure 1. Energy flow diagram of the model.
Figure 2. Dynamics of the three-dimensional subsystem in the absence of the middle predator w. (a) No periodic solutions in x y- and x z-planes; (b) no periodic solutions in the x z-plane, but periodic solution in the x y-plane; (b) no periodic solutions in the x y-plane, but periodic solution in the x z-plane and (c) periodic solutions in both x y- and x z-planes.
Figure 3. Bifurcation diagram with respect to w
2∈(3.5, 5.5) for data set (Equation17).
Figure 4. Maximal Liapunov exponent versus w
2 for data set (Equation19).
Figure 5. Attractor in the x
y
z-phase space for data set (Equation19) at w
2=5.0.
Figure 6. Periodic Behaviour for data set (Equation20). (a) Limit cycle in x
w
z-phase space and (b) time series of y.
Figure 7. Periodic behaviour for data set (Equation21). (a) Limit cycle in the x
y
z-phase space and (b) time series of w.
Figure 8. Periodic behaviour for data set (Equation22). (a) Limit cycle in the x
y
z-phase space and (b) time series of w.
Figure 9. Complex dynamics for data set (Equation23). (a) Attractor in the x
y
z-phase space and (b) time series of w.
