Coinfection dynamics of heroin transmission and HIV infection in a single population

Figures & data

Figure 1. Left: Figure shows two coexistence equilibria for some values of ${\text{β}}_1$. Right: Areas of heroin dominance, HIV dominance, coexistence and bistable dominance. Parameter values in both figures are ${\mu }_i=1$, ${\mu }_u=0.1$, ${\mu }_v=3.5$, $q=0.1$, $\sigma =0.3$, $\delta =0.1$, $\mu =1/75$, $\mathrm{\Lambda }=100$.

Figure 2. Left: Figure shows fitting of the heroin use data. Right: Figure shows fitting to HIV incidence data. In both figures time is in years where year t = 0 is year 2005. The preestimated and fitted parameters are given in Table 1.

Table 1. Table of fixed and fitted parameter values.

Parameter	Unit	Value	Fixed/fitted
μ	1/year	1/75	fixed
Λ	People/year	400 000 000*μ	fixed
${\text{β}}_1$	1/year	0.3919	fitted
${\text{β}}_2$	1/year	0.06888	fitted
${\mu }_i$	1/year	$0.04783$	fitted
${\mu }_u$	1/year	0.3417	fitted
${\mu }_v$	1/year	0.19	fitted
q	unitless	94.5	fitted
σ	unitless	4.2	fitted
δ	1/year	0.03317	fitted

Figure 3. Left: Figure shows elasticities of the invasion numbers with respect to the reproduction numbers. Right: Figure shows the elasticities of the invasion numbers with respect to q and σ. The parameters used are given in Table 1.