Modeling virus transport and dynamics in viscous flow medium

Figures & data

Figure 1. Schematic representation of the virus transport in peristaltic flow medium.

Table 1. Specifications of viruses based on literature.

Table 2. Values of basic parameters used in the simulation [18, 19, 23].

References	Parameters	Unit
Value
Wavelength (λ)	$\text{mm}$	120
Wave velocity (c)	$\text{mm}/\text{s}$	300−400
Blood density (ρ)	$\text{kg}/{\text{m}}^3$	1050
Fluid characteristic time (${\tau }_c$)	$\text{s}$	0.127
Gravity ($g_0$)	$\text{m}/{\text{s}}^2$	1

Table 3. Computed values of Stokes number, density ratio, and gravity of the viruses as well as the estimated values of coefficients of Stokes drag and Virtual mass.

				${\text{β}}_1\times {10}^{-8}$	${\text{β}}_2$
Viruses	$S_N=\frac{{\tau }_p}{{\tau }_c}$	$S=\frac{{\rho }_p}{\rho }$	${\text{β}}_1\times {10}^{-8}$	$(\zeta =1)$	$(\zeta =1.12)$	${\text{β}}_5$	${\text{β}}_6$
Coronavirus	$8.44\times {10}^{-10}$	1.100	8.145	9.122	0.937	2700	25.92
Influenza-A	$7.30\times {10}^{-10}$	1.104	9.428	10.559	0.935	2902	26.85

Figure 2. Contour lines that represent the axial velocity field for the background flow with different viscosity (a) $\mu =3\times {10}^{-3}$, (b) $\mu =5.5\times {10}^{-3}$ at fixed value of $a=0.3$.

Figure 3. Combined effects of Stokes drag, virtual mass-1, Basset and gravity on (a) SARS-CoV-2 and (b) Influenza-A virus velocities.

Figure 4. The streamlines of the (a) SARS-CoV-2 and (b) Influenza virus in the bloodstream with the Combined effects of Stokes drag, virtual mass-1, Basset, and gravity.

Figure 5. Contour plots of axial velocity components for (a) SARS-CoV-2 (b) Influenza-A in the presence of Stokes drag force.

Figure 6. Contour plots of axial velocity components for (a) SARS-CoV-2 (b) Influenza-A in the presence of Basset force.

Figure 7. The normalized axial velocity with time for Influenza-A and SARS-CoV-2 with the combined effect of all forces.

Figure 8. Effect of Stokes drag on spherical and non-spherical particle of coronavirus virus in axial and transverse particle velocity.

Figure 9. Effect of blood viscosity of coronavirus in (a) axial and (b) transverse particle velocity.

Figure 10. Contour plots of the axial particle velocity of Coronavirus for (a) $d_p=80\text{nm}$ (b) $140\text{nm}$.

M. Jahangiri MS and M.R. Sadeghi, Numerical study of turbulent pulsatile blood flow through stenosed artery using fluid-solid interaction, Comput. Math. Methods Med. 2015 (2015), pp. 15613.

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

J. Jiménez-Lozano, M. Sen, and P.F. Dunn, Particle motion in unsteady two-dimensional peristaltic flow with application to the ureter, Phys. Rev. E. 79 (2009), pp. 041901.

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

H. Minasyan, Bactericidal capacity of erythrocytes in human cardiovascular system, Int. Clin. Pathol. J. 2(5) (2016), pp. 00052.

 Google Scholar

Data Availability

The data that supports the findings of this study are available within the article.