State-led modernization of the Ethiopian sugar industry: questions of power and agency in lowland transformation

Figures & data

Table 1. ESC data of sugarcane plantation and inclusive development packages.

Factories	ESC Land/ H	Opportunities created		Development packages
		Job	OGA	INF	ST	CPD	SM	Cash/Birr
Wonji-Shoa	9000	–	7000 H 31 OGA 9319 HH	–	–	–	–	–
Metahara	11,000	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Fincha	21,000	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Tendaho	25,000	77,035	17 OGA 1667 HH	Yes	–	–	Yes	1,600,000.00
Kesem	20,000	42,773	399HH 5OGA	Yes	–	–	Yes	–
Arjo Dedesa	16,000	17,547	–	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	65,660,000.00
Omo Kuraz	100,000	110,000	2205HH 1653.75H	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	91,592,132.30
Beles	40,000	91,493	–	Yes	–	Yes	Yes	178,680,000.00
Welkait	40,000	84,659	–	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	407,600,000.00
Total	282,000	450,000	17,246.82H 67 OGA 15,011 HH	255 Project				More than 1.2 Billion Birr

Source: Compiled from ESC reports. Acronyms: CPD – Compensation for Property Damage, HH – household, H-hectare, INF – Infrastructure, OGA – Outgrower Association, SM – Social Mobilization, and ST – Skill Training.

Figure 1. Historical sugar prices in $US. Source: Macrotrends, Sugar prices historical chart data.

Figure 2. Total hectares earmarked for sugar cane plantation. Source: Central Statistics Agency (CSA) for commercial data; ESC reports for state-run projects.

Figure 3. Import of petroleum products and the rise in Ethiopia’s national debt. Source: NBE, Annual report of 2015/16, 2016/17 and 2017/18; World Bank, Data Bank – Ethiopia.