Expeditious management plan towards digital earth

Figures & data

Figure 1. 3D models generated from the cadastral data, displayed on Google Earth (Virgós and Olivares 2008).

Figure 2. The schema for forest fire mapping (Naveen and Deepak 2010).

Figure 3. MODIS forest fires data on Google Maps (Naveen and Deepak 2010).

Figure 4. General scheme for expeditious management pattern.

Table 1. Suggested technology for 3D data based on the application requirements (Zhenhua and Ioannis 2009).

Number	Application requirements	Suggested techniques
1	3D data accuracy	P
2	3D data details	LS
3	Fully automated 3D data retrieval	3DCR/LS
4	Nighttime operation	3DCR/LS
5	Low equipment cost	P/V/3DCR
6	Portability	P/V/3DCR
7	Long measurement range	LS

P =photogrammetry; V=videogrammetry; 3DCR=3D camera ranging; and LS=laser scanning.

Table 2. Data sources and various application areas (Omar and Ayhan 2009).

	Spatial data-acquisition methods
				Scanning and digitizing
GIS test areas	Conventional method	GPS (RTK)	Photogrammetric (orthophoto)	1/1000	1/5000	Remote sensing
Environmental management			•		•	•
Natural resource management			•		•	•
Possession-managerial administration	•	•		•
Public works	•	•	•	•
Education					•	•
Health management					•	•
Municipality activities	•	•	•	•	•	•
Transportation planning			•		•	•
Tourism			•		•	•
Forest and agriculture			•		•	•
Commerce and industry			•		•	•
Defense and security	•	•	•	•	•	•

•=Spatial data-acquisition method proposed for GIS projects.

Figure 5. Illustrates the stages involved in making the digital earth model.

Figure 6. The 3D model of the Zaragoza city.

Virgós, S. L., and G. J. M. Olivares. 2008. “Catastro 3D en Internet.” Proceedings of the V Jornadas de la Infraestructura de Datos Espaciales de España (in Spanish). Accessed October 7. http://www.idee.es/resources/presentaciones/JIDEE08/ARTICULOS_JIDEE2008/Articulo76.pdf/

 Google Scholar

Zhenhua, Z., and B. Ioannis 2009. “Comparison of Optical Sensor-Based Spatial Data Collection Techniques for Civil Infrastructure Modeling.” Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering 23: 170–177. 10.1061/(ASCE)0887-3801(2009)23:3(170)

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Omar, M., and C. Ayhan. 2009. “Accuracy and Cost Comparison of Spatial Data-Acquisition Methods for the Development of Geographical Information Systems.” Journal of Geography and Regionnal Planning 2 (9): 235–242.

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