Which variables are essential for renewable energies?

Figures & data

Table 1. List of documents and projects for users’ requirements.

Domain	Reference
All renewable energies, or more than one energy	ECEM project (Troccoli et al. 2018)
	ENDORSE project (2013)
	ESMAP (2010)
	EO-Windfarm project (Furevik et al. 2004)
	GEO (2010)
	Hasager et al. (2007)
	IRENA Global Atlas (2013); Estima et al. (2013)
	Kaltschmitt, Streicher, and Wiese (2007)
	Renewable Energy Data Explorer service ((REDE) 2018)
	Schroedter-Homscheidt, Stackhouse, and Ranchin (2007)
	SWERA project (Renné et al. 2005)
	Zell et al. (2012)
Solar energy only	CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service, Holzer-Popp, Kluser, and Schnell 2014)
	Cros, Mayer, and Wald (2004)
	EnviSolar (Environmental information services for solar energy industries) project (Schroedter-Homscheidt et al. 2006)
	ESRA (European Solar Radiation Atlas, Greif et al. 2000; Page, Albuisson, and Wald 2001)
	IEA SHC Task 36, 46 and Mesor projects (Hoyer-Klick et al. 2008; Huld et al. 2008)
	Lefèvre et al. (2014)
	SoDa Service (Gschwind et al. 2006; Wald et al. 2002, 2004)
	Satel-Light project (Fontoynont et al. 1998)
	Vernay, Pitaval, and Blanc (2014)
Wind energy only	ADB (2014)
Marine energy only	Dubranna and Ranchin (2015)
	Dubranna et al. (2015)
	Elliott et al. (2012)
	Fichaux, Poglio, and Ranchin (2005)
	Zelle et al. (2013)

Figure 1. Schematic view of the path followed to define EREVs.

Table 2. List of essential renewable energies variables.

	Variables	Already an essential variable in:
All energies	Elevation/orography/bathymetry	Common to all domains
Hydropower (operating plants)	Precipitation	Climate/Atmospheric
	River discharge	Climate/Terrestrial
	Water use
	Snow cover
	Glaciers
	Land cover, incl. vegetation type
	Above-ground biomass
	Surface moisture
Solar energy	Downwelling solar radiation at surface, possibly with its direct and diffuse components	Climate/Atmospheric
	Wind speed and direction at surface Surface air temperature
	Solar irradiance at the top of the atmosphere, also known as total solar irradiance
	Cloud properties
	Albedo	Climate/Terrestrial
	Snow cover
Wind energy	Wind speed and direction at surface	Climate/Atmospheric
	Surface air temperature
	Surface water vapour
	Surface air pressure
	Land cover, incl. vegetation type	Climate/Terrestrial
Marine energy	Wind speed and direction at surface	Climate/Atmospheric
	Surface air temperature
	Surface water vapour
	Surface air pressure
	Sea surface temperature	Climate/Oceanic
	Sea level
	Sea state
	Sea ice
	Surface current

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