Speech therapy in adolescents with Down syndrome: In pursuit of communication as a fundamental human right

Figures & data

Table I. Pretreatment and follow-up formal assessment scores.

Assessment	Score	Pretreatment	Follow-up
DEAP	Percent consonants correct	22	38
	Percent vowels correct	75	86
	Percent phonemes correct	41	56
	Oral motor score	30	–
	Word inconsistency (%)	52	60
Free speech sample	Mean length of utterance	2.0	1.63
	Percent consonants correct	42	50
	Percent vowels correct	67	78
KBIT	Verbal IQ (SS)	40	–
	Nonverbal IQ (SS)	58	–
PPVT	Standard score	40	–
	Age equivalent	3;06	–
MPTs	Phonation duration (sec)	6.35	–
	Monosyllable repetition/sec	3.85	–
	Trisyllable repetition/sec	Unable	–
SRT	Competency score	26.00	–
	Encoding score	33.33	–
	Memory score	47.68	–
	Transcoding score	38.89	–
	Items with additions	11	–

Note. DEAP, Diagnostic Evaluation of Articulation and Phonology; KBIT, Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test; PPVT, Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test; MPT, Maximum Performance Test; SRT, Syllable Repetition Task; SS, standard score.

Table II. Total practice trials, percent correct trials, same day (SD) probe scores and next day (ND) probe scores by session and treatment condition.

Session		Practice trials		Probe scores
Number	Condition	Total	% Correct	SD	ND
1	Control	106	46.23%	0	0
2	PMP	95	23.16%	1	3
3	AMI	61	21.31%	3	3
4	AMI	90	50.00%	5	5
5	Control	90	52.22%	1	0
6	PMP	106	49.06%	2	4
7	PMP	108	44.44%	2	2
8	Control	95	68.42%	2	2
9	AMI	88	43.18%	7	5
10	AMI	113	40.71%	5	4
11	PMP	129	50.39%	1	1
12	Control	137	47.45%	2	3
13	AMI	119	75.63%	3	5
14	PMP	128	57.03%	0	4
15	Control	123	60.16%	5	5
16	Control	126	73.81%	2	3
17	PMP	162	34.57%	4	1
18	AMI	117	50.43%	4	4
Mean	Control	113	58.05%	2.00	2.17
Mean	PMP	121	43.11%	1.67	2.50
Mean	AMI	98	46.88%	4.50	4.33

Note. PMP, phonological memory and planning prepractice; AMI, auditory-motor integration prepractice.

Figure 1. Mean scores (with standard errors) shown for same day (left patterned bars) and next day probes (middle white bars) by randomly assigned treatment condition and treatment goal. Total score on probes recorded during the follow-up assessment was also shown (right patterned bars). AMI, auditory-motor integration prepractice condition; CTL, no prepractice control condition; PMP, phonological memory and planning prepractice condition.