Can active music making promote health and well-being in older citizens? Findings of the music for life project

Figures & data

Table 1. Comparison of factor scores between those participating in music and non-music groups.

	Music (n = 280)	Non Music (n = 62)		Effect size
Factor 1: Purpose	0.088	–0.398	F = 12.39 (1,340) p = .0001	.19
Factor 2: Autonomy/control	–0.068	0.310	F = 7.423 (1,340) p = .007	.15
Factor 3: Social affirmation	0.052	–0.234	F = 4.19 (1,340) p = 0.041	.11

Table 2. Differences in factor scores for 3rd and 4th age participants in the music groups.

	3rd age (N = 209)	4th age (N = 64)		Effect size
Factor 1: Purpose	0.157	–0.179	F = 5.819 (1,271) p = .017	.13
Factor 2: Autonomy/control	–0.107	0.032	F = .943 (1,271) NS	.06
Factor 3: Social affirmation	0.060	0.056	F = .001 (1,271) NS	.002