CO₂ emissions from Iran's power sector and analysis of the influencing factors using the stochastic impacts by regression on population, affluence and technology (STIRPAT) model

Figures & data

Figure 1. Electricity generation in Iran's power sector by different sources (between 2003 and 2013) [107].

Figure 2. Trend of electricity consumption in residential, industrial and agriculture sectors (this study; [107]).

Figure 3. Trend of electricity consumption in public, trade and lighting sectors (this study; [107]).

Figure 4. Trend of grid losses and internal electricity consumption of power plants (this study; [107]).

Figure 5. Computation stages of CO₂ emissions estimation (based on IPCC methodology [108]).

Figure 6. CO₂ emissions from Iran's power sector in comparison with Iran's total emissions (this study; [105]). EIA: US Energy Information Administration.

Figure 7. Specific CO₂ emission factor in Iran's power sector (this study).

Figure 8. Cumulative CO₂ emissions with respect to fossil fuels consumption for electricity generation in Iran (this study).

Figure 9. Share of CO₂ emissions with respect to fossil fuels consumption for electricity generation in Iran (this study).

Figure 10. Cumulative CO₂ emissions with respect to the electric energy consumption in Iran (this study).

Figure 11. Share of CO₂ emissions with respect to the electric energy consumption in Iran (this study).

Table 1. Coefficients of STIRPAT model calculated using partial least squares regression (this study).

Variables	Coefficients
Constant	−5.135
Population	1.834
Gross domestic product per capita	0.036
Electricity intensity	0.042
Electricity generation by natural gas	0.223
Electricity generation by heavy oil	0.158
Electricity generation by gas oil	0.074
Electricity generation by hydroelectric, renewable energies and nuclear energy	−0.041
R^2	0.999

Figure 12. Trend of CO₂ emissions in comparison with population size, gross domestic product per capita and electricity intensity (this study; [107,111,112]).

Figure 13. Trend of CO₂ emissions in comparison with electricity generation by natural gas, heavy oil, gas oil and summation of hydropower, renewable energies and nuclear energy (this study; [107]).

Table 2. The average specific carbon dioxide emission factor and carbon dioxide intensity in Iran's power sector in comparison with their alternatives in Turkey and China (this study; [119]).

Country	Average electricity generation (TWh)	Average of specific emission factor (g/kWh)	CO2 intensity (kg/US$ 2005)
Iran (2003 to 2013)	203.97	571.29	0.36
Turkey (2003 to 2011)	183.89	469.08	0.15
China (2003 to 2011)	3213.42	811.34	0.67

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