Structural variation within the left globus pallidus is associated with task-switching, not stimulus updating or distractor filtering

Figures & data

Figure 1. Graphical representation of the three trial types of interest (information maintenance, distractor filtering and stimulus updating) across the sequential trial events (preparatory, encoding, delay 1, executive control, delay 2 and response phases)

Table 1. Mean (M) and standard deviation (SD) of the accuracy (1 = 100% accuracy) of all conditions and combination of conditions combined and separately in the two locations. ST = Stockholm, OX = Oxford (sham session), OX DLPFC = Oxford (DLPFC stimulation session), OX SC = Oxford (SC stimulation session)

	BOTH		ST		OX		OX DLPFC		OX SC
	M	SD	M	SD	M	SD	M	SD	M	SD
Maintenance-only	0.93	0.07	0.91	0.10	0.93	0.08	0.93	0.07	0.94	0.04
Distractor filtering	0.90	0.08	0.85	0.12	0.92	0.06	0.91	0.07	0.91	0.06
Stimulus updating	0.88	0.10	0.85	0.11	0.90	0.07	0.90	0.08	0.91	0.07
Distractor filtering – Maintenance-only	−0.02	0.06	−0.06	0.08	−0.01	0.06	−0.02	0.06	−0.03	0.06
Stimulus Updating – Maintenance-only	−0.04	0.07	−0.05	0.06	−0.03	0.09	−0.04	0.05	−0.03	0.06
Stay	0.91	0.07	0.86	0.11	0.92	0.06	0.92	0.07	0.93	0.07
Switch	0.91	0.07	0.87	0.11	0.92	0.05	0.92	0.06	0.92	0.05
Task-switching (Stay – Switch)	−0.004	0.05	−0.01	0.07	0.01	0.04	0.0004	0.04	0.01	0.05

Figure 2. Scatterplots depicting the associations between individual variation in the left globus pallidus volume (unstandardized residuals when correcting for total intracranial volume and study side is presented) and performance in a) task-switching; b) stimulus updating; c) distractor filtering. d) Coronal view of a segmented brain where the globus pallidus is labeled in blue color. The differences in the y-axis between panel B and panels A and C reflect differences in the performance range of the three functions studied, task-switching, stimulus updating and distractor filtering