In vivo anticoccidial activity of quinfamide in broilers: a preliminary report

Figures & data

Table 1. Diet composition and nutritional values for starting (1 to 21 days), growing (22 to 35 days) and finishing (36 to 49 days) broilers.

	Phases
	Starting	Growing	Finishing
Ingredients, kg
Corn	590.50	618.65	663.00
Soybean meal	344.80	308.90	269.70
Soybean oil	23.80	33.50	32.10
Salt	2.40	2.30	2.10
Calcite limestone	9.50	8.80	6.50
Dicalcium phosphate	18.00	16.70	15.20
DL-methionine	1.75	1.75	1.65
L-lisyne	2.15	2.30	2.75
Vitamins^a	2.50	2.50	2.5
Minerals^b	1	1	1
Sodium bicarbonate	3.60	3.60	3.50
Total	1000	1000	1000
Calculated analysis, g/kg
Crude protein	207.90	194.10	183.00
Calcium	8.80	8.20	7.60
Available phosphorus	4.40	4.10	3.80
Metionine	4.90	4.80	4.50
Sulfur amino acids	8.20	7.90	7.40
Lysine	12.70	11.90	11.20
Potassium	8.00	7.40	6.80
Sodium	2.20	2.10	2.00
Chlorine	1.90	1.80	1.70
Linoleic acid	26.00	31.50	31.30
Metabolizable energy, MJ/Kg	12.56	12.97	13.18

a Amount/kg: Retinol 0.9 g, cholecalciferol 0.019 g, d-alpha-tocopherol 0.004 g, phylloquinone 1.0 g, riboflavin 4.0 g, cyanocobalamin 0.060 g, pyridoxine 3.0 g, calcium pantothenate 13.0 g, niacin 25 g, biotin 0.063 g, choline chloride 250 g.

b Amount/kg: selenium 0.2 g, cobalt 0.1 g, iodine 0.3g, copper 10 g, zinc 50 g, iron 100 g, manganese 100 g.

Table 2. Anticoccidial efficacy of three treatments based on broiler body weight gain (g) (Lsmean ± SE, n = 60 per group).

	Group
Day	UU	IU	Q	QC	D
1	42.0 ± 3.4^a	41.0 ± 3.5 ^a	41.0 ± 3.6 ^a	42.0 ± 3.7 ^a	42.0 ± 3.8 ^a
7	240.0 ± 0.7^ab	247.0 ± 2.0^ab	237.0 ± 1.7^a	247.0 ± 1.6^b	242.0 ± 2.4^ab
14	355.0 ± 13.6^ab	356.0 ± 2.6^a	377.0 ± 2.6^b	391.0 ± 2.6^b	344.0 ± 3.6^a
21	713.0 ± 5.6^a	709.0 ± 4.4^a	756.0 ± 2.8^b	720.0 ± 2.6^a	694.0 ± 14.8^a
28	1058.0 ± 18.46^a	1083.0 ± 25.7^ab	1164.0 ± 3.5^b	1161.0 ± 3.0^b	1076.0 ± 16.7^a
35	1683.0 ± 2.3^a	1613.0 ± 20.5^a	1684.0 ± 3.8^a	1730.0 ± 4.1^b	1657.0 ± 23.0^ab
42	2147.0 ± 4.7^a	1907.0 ± 24.8^b	2078.0 ± 3.3^c	2120.0 ± 4.9^d	1969.0 ± 22.6^b
49	2556.0 ± 48.6^ac	2216.0 ± 30.5^b	2482.0 ± 3.3^a	2550.0 ± 4.9^c	2296.0 ± 21.9^b

UU: uninfected-untreated control group; IU: infected-untreated control group; Q: quinfamide 30 ppm; QC: quinfamide 30 ppm, mixed with carbopol at 0.1% and D: decoquinate 30 ppm.

^a–dDifferent letters within a row indicate statistically significant difference (p < .05).

Table 3. Quantification of oocysts per gram of litter (Lsmean ± SE).

	Group
Day	UU	IU	Q	QC	D
7	0^a	1000 ± 108^bc	1250 ± 23^c	1300 ± 184^bc	850 ± 23^b
14	0^a	5250 ± 209^b	1000 ± 70^c	800 ± 23^c	1000 ± 47^c
21	0^a	4750 ± 348^b	6000 ± 216^b	1300 ± 47^c	1150 ± 143^c
28	0^a	11000 ± 623^b	9500 ± 209^b	1500 ± 47^c	2000 ± 187^c
35	0^a	15500 ± 418^b	8000 ± 294^d	1100 ± 47^c	1200 ± 108^c
42	0^a	16000 ± 707^b	8500 ± 117^d	750 ± 84^c	600 ± 81^c
49	0^a	15500 ± 294^b	7750 ± 204^d	400 ± 62^c	150 ± 23^c

UU: uninfected-untreated control group; IU: infected-untreated control group; Q: quinfamide 30 ppm; QC: quinfamide 30 ppm, mixed with carbopol at 0.1% and D: decoquinate 30 ppm.

^a–dDifferent letters within a row differ significantly (p < .05).

Table 4. Most frequent intestinal lesion scores found in uninfected and Eimeria-infected broiler chickens treated or not with quinfamide, quinfamide + carbopol, or decoquinate.

	Day 21			Day 35			Day 49
Group	Duod	Jejun	Caeca	Duod	Jejun	Caeca	Duod	Jejun	Caeca
UU	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
IU	1	0	1	2	2	2	1	1	3
Q	1	0	1	1	2	2	1	1	2
QC	0	1	1	0	0	0	1	1	1
D	0	0	1	0	1	1	0	0	1

UU: uninfected and untreated; IU: infected and untreated; Q: quinfamide 30 ppm; QC: quinfamide 30 ppm, mixed with carbopol at 0.1% and D: decoquinate 30 ppm.