Determination of chemical composition, mineral content, antioxidant capacity and rumen degradability in various varieties of wasted date palm

Figures & data

Table 1. Chemical composition of varieties wasted date palm (% DM).

Variety	CP	Fat	Ash	NDF	ADF	NFC	GE, kj/100g
Mozafati	3.73^c	0.35^c	1.81^c	7.25^bcde	3.83^e	86.86^a	1534^c
Koloteh	3.23^c	0.40^b	1.97^b	6.02^de	4.04^de	88.38^a	1498^e
Mordasang	3.57^c	0.43^b	1.65^c	8.34^b	6.06^b	86.01^a	1483^f
Estameran	4.4^b	0.23^d	1.75^c	6.02^de	4.34^cde	87.50^a	1518^d
Zahedi	3.48^c	0.17^e	1.80^c	8.02^bd	5.33b^c	86.53^a	1783^a
Kharak	6.27^a	0.67^a	5.81^a	32.27^a	23.97^a	54.98^b	1603^b
SEM	0.10	0.009	0.03	0.36	0.23	0.42	7.1

Mean values within a column with no common superscript differ significantly from each other (p < .05).

Table 2. Mineral content of varieties wasted date palm (mg/100g DM).

Variety	P	Na	Fe	K	Mg	Ca
Mozafati	0.70^e	17.62^d	6.56^e	1031.33^c	66.15^d	581.37^a
Koloteh	2.77^c	31.88^a	7.91^d	955.67^d	68.13^c	120.63^e
Mordasang	8.48^a	27.60^b	8.25^c	923.00^e	86.63^b	215.50^b
Estameran	1.49^d	16.60^e	9.14^b	944.67^d	54.73^e	98.71^f
Zahedi	2.72^c	16.70^e	9.09^b	1116.33^b	67.84^c	170.43^c
Kharak	3.30^b	25.25^c	16.92^a	2509.33^a	280.23^a	163.93^d
SEM	0.03	0.11	0.03	3.73	1.31	0.32

Mean values within a column with no common superscript differ significantly from each other (p < .05).

Table 3. Total phenolic, total tannin, condensed tannin, total flavonoid content and antioxidant capacity of varieties wasted date palm (mg/100g DM).

					Antioxidant activity
Variety	TPC	TT	CT	TF, mg CEQ/100 g	FRAP, μmol/100g	DPPH
Mozafati	3.417^e	1.787^c	0.47^b	1.62^b	14.16^c	51.97^d
Koloteh	2.967^e	1.460^c	0.41^b	1.30^b	13.90^c	52.17^d
Mordasang	4.363^d	1.637^c	0.39^b	2.09^b	18.81^c	56.21^c
Estameran	5.043^c	2.827^b	0.46^b	2.22^b	30.01^b	62.08^b
Zahedi	5.657^b	2.577^b	0.47^b	2.51^b	29.43^b	72.23^b
Kharak	9.437^a	4.620^a	0.76^a	54.78^a	164.29^a	89.10^a
SEM	0.10	0.09	0.02	0.40	1.42	0.61

Mean values within a column with no common superscript differ significantly from each other (p < .05).

TPC: total phenolic compound; TT: total tannin; CT: condensed tannin; TF: total flavonoids.

Table 4. Dry matter rumen degradability and its coefficient of varieties wasted date palm.

			Wasted date palm
	Mozafati	Koloteh	Mordasang	Estameran	Zahedi	Kharak	SEM
Incubation times, h
2	0.41^c	0.41^c	0.45^ab	0.44^bc	0.48^a	0.26^d	0.01
4	0.51^c	0.55^b	0.53^bc	0.53^bc	0.60^a	0.31^d	0.01
8	0.58^b	0.59^b	0.57^b	0.60^b	0.65^a	0.37^c	0.01
12	0.061^c	0.63^bc	0.61^c	0.66^b	0.71^a	0.41^d	0.01
24	0.69^c	0.69^c	0.68^c	0.72^b	0.76^a	0.48^d	0.007
48	0.82^b	0.78^c	0.76^c	0.87^a	0.84^b	0.55^d	0.008
Estimated parameters
a, g/g DM	0.35^a	0.35^a	0.35^a	0.36^a	0.34^a	0.18^b	0.01
b, g/g DM	0.41^b	0.39^b	0.38^b	0.47^a	0.45^a	0.34^c	0.01
c, h^−1	0.07^c	0.13^ab	0.12^ab	0.08b^c	0.15^a	0.10^bc	0.01
D (a + b)	0.76^b	0.74^b	0.73^b	0.84^a	0.80^a	0.53^c	0.02
ED, 0.03/h	0.59^b	0.67^ab	0.65^ab	0.71^ab	0.73^a	0.45^c	0.04
ED, 0.03/h	0.54^b	0.62^ab	0.60^ab	0.64^ab	0.67^a	0.40^c	0.04
ED, 0.09/h	0.50^b	0.58^ab	0.56^ab	0.59^ab	0.63^a	0.37^c	0.03

Mean values within a row with no common superscript differ significantly from each other (p < .05).

a: the water soluble fraction; b: the potentially degradable (insoluble) fraction; c: the degradation rate constant of b; ED: effective degradability.