The effect of sex on meat quality of fallow deer (Dama dama) from the farm located in the Middle Bohemia

Figures & data

Table 1. Bled body weight and carcase characteristics of fallow deer stags and does.

	Stag		Doe		Significance
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD
Bled body weight (kg)	57.160^a	4.400	43.130^b	8.110	0.012
Carcase weight (kg)	36.600^a	5.030	27.000^b	6.160	0.036
Dressing (%)	63.820	5.100	62.250	4.940	ns
Edible viscera (kg)	3.000	0.790	3.450	1.100	ns
Nonedible viscera (kg)	8.800	1.920	6.750	1.710	ns
Loin (kg)	6.940	1.230	4.910	1.430	ns
Leg (kg)	12.910^a	1.360	9.430^b	1.720	0.011
Shoulder (kg)	5.760^a	0.510	4.200^b	0.790	0.009
Neck (kg)	5.000^a	0.800	3.380^b	0.750	0.017
Percentage of carcase value
Edible viscera (%)	5.250^b	1.320	7.920^a	2.070	0.050
Loin (%)	19.120	3.210	17.980	1.530	NS
Leg (%)	35.580	4.020	35.270	2.470	NS
Shoulder (%)	15.850	1.330	15.720	1.290	NS
Neck (%)	13.750	1.850	12.630	1.890	NS

SD: standard deviation; ns: non-significant

Numbers with various letters are significantly different (p≤.05).

Table 2. Chemical composition of fallow deer meat.

Variable	MLLT				MS				MSV				Significance
	Stag		Doe		Stag		Doe		Stag		Doe		Muscle	Sex	M x S
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD
Dry matter (%)	26.230	0.270	23.520	1.320	25.330	0.740	24.310	1.380	24.200	0.790	22.950	2.260	0.004	<0.001	ns
IMF (%)	1.850	0.280	1.650	0.240	1.760	0.480	1.990	0.430	1.640	0.190	2.080	0.580	ns	ns	ns
Crude protein (%)	22.400	0.920	21.860	2.170	22.370	0.490	20.980	2.230	21.120	1.060	20.130	1.140	0.011	0.017	ns
Ash (%)	1.210	0.060	1.190	0.070	1.180	0.060	1.270	0.050	1.090	0.110	1.110	0.050	<0.001	ns	ns

MLLT: musculus longissimus lumborum et thoracis; MS: musculus semimembranosus; MSV: musculus serratus ventralis; IMF: intramuscular fat; SD: standard deviation; M: muscle; S: sex; ns: non-significant

Numbers with various letters are significantly different (p≤.05).

Table 3. Fatty acid composition of MLLT of fallow deer stags and does.

Fatty acid (% of total fatty acids)		Stag		Doe		Significance
		Mean	SD	Mean	SD
Saturated fatty acid
C4:0	Butyric	0.000	0.000	0.030	0.060	ns
C6:0	Caproic	0.040	0.020	0.030	0.060	ns
C8:0	Caprylic	0.010	0.010	0.000	0.000	ns
C10:0	Capric	0.020	0.020	0.000	0.000	ns
C12:0	Lauric	0.050	0.010	0.040	0.050	ns
C13:0	Tridecyclic	0.010	0.010	0.000	0.000	ns
C14:0	Myristic	2.370^a	0.460	1.120^b	0.720	0.015
C15:0	Pentadecanoic	0.870^a	0.130	0.490^b	0.180	0.008
C16:0	Palmitic	22.210^a	2.280	16.770^b	3.440	0.024
C17:0	Margaric	1.290^a	0.200	0.680^b	0.310	0.009
C18:0	Stearic	29.750	1.020	31.100	3.570	ns
C20:0	Arachidic	0.250	0.050	0.270	0.130	ns
C21:0	Heneicosanoic	1.010	0.200	1.680	0.900	ns
C22:0	Behenic	0.110	0.160	0.220	0.450	ns
C24:0	Lignoceric	0.140	0.270	0.500	0.900	ns
Monounsaturated fatty acids
C14:1c9	Myristoleic	0.140^a	0.040	0.020^b	0.020	0.001
C16:1c9	Palmitoleic	1.320	0.300	1.080	0.160	ns
C17:1c9	Heptadecenoic	0.370	0.070	0.470	0.120	ns
C18:1c9	Oleic	15.410	0.910	15.420	1.420	ns
C20:1c11	Eicosenoic	0.250	0.080	0.330	0.110	ns
C22:1c13	Erucic	0.020	0.050	0.080	0.170	ns
C24:1c15	Nervonic	0.020	0.040	0.140	0.210	ns
Polyunsaturated fatty acids
C18:2c9,12	Linoleic	17.550	3.650	20.140	6.060	ns
C18:3c6,9,12	γ-Linolenic	0.020	0.020	0.050	0.050	ns
C18:3c9,12,15	α-Linolenic	3.130	0.490	5.050	2.730	ns
C20:2c11,14	Eicosadienoic	0.270	0.070	0.400	0.130	ns
C20:3c8,11,14	Eicosatrienoic	0.180	0.050	0.190	0.050	ns
C20:4c5,8,11,14	Arachidonic	2.660	0.840	3.170	1.200	ns
C20:5c5,8,11,14,17	Eicosapentaenoic	0.020	0.020	0.000	0.000	ns
C22:2c13,16	Docosadienoic	0.030	0.060	0.100	0.200	ns
C22:6c4,7,10,13,16,19	Docosahexaenoic	0.470	0.210	0.440	0.370	ns

SD: standard deviation; ns: non-significant

Numbers with various letters are significantly different (p≤.05).

Table 4. Sums of ratios of fatty acids and indexes of MLLT of fallow deer stags and does.

Variable	Stag		Doe		Significance
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD
SFA	58.14	3.50	52.91	7.15	ns
MUFA	17.53	1.15	17.57	1.73	ns
PUFA	24.33	4.47	29.53	7.85	ns
n-6 PUFA	20.22	4.30	23.36	6.37	ns
n-3 PUFA	3.62	0.39	5.49	2.58	ns
n-6/n-3 PUFA	5.62	1.22	4.70	1.42	ns
n-3/n-6 PUFA	0.19	0.04	0.24	0.10	ns
SFA/MUFA	3.32	0.14	3.02	0.42	ns
SFA/PUFA	2.49	0.72	1.96	0.85	ns
MUFA/PUFA	0.75	0.21	0.64	0.20	ns
AI	0.77	0.16	0.48	0.23	ns
TI	1.83	0.26	1.42	0.59	ns

SFA: saturated fatty acids; MUFA: monounsaturated fatty acids; PUFA: polyunsaturated fatty acids; AI: atherogenic index; TI: thrombogenic index; SD: standard deviation; ns: non-significant Numbers with various letters are significantly different (p≤.05).