Helminth communities in the alimentary tract of free raised chickens on rainfed and irrigated agrosystems from southwest Spain

Figures & data

Table 1. Prevalence, intensity, and abundance (expressed as mean values with 95% CI-brackets-) of helminth species found in both rainfed and irrigated agrosystems.

	Prevalence		Mean intensity		Mean abundance
	Rainfed	Irrigated	Rainfed	Irrigated	Rainfed	Irrigated
Cestodes
Raillietina echinobothrida	40.0 (26.6–54.1)	77.6*** (63.5–87.4)	21.6 (11.0–36.8)	10.6 (7.6–15.6)	8.6 (4.2–16.1)	8.2 (5.7–12.2)
Raillietina. tetragona	4.0 (0.7–13.4)	85.7*** (72.9–93.5)	3.0 (1.0–3.0)	23.8* (16.3–38.6)	0.1 (0.0–0.4)	20.4** (13.7–33.2)
Skrajabinia cesticillus	18.0 (9.4–30.7)	22.4 (12.6–36.5)	2.4 (1.2–5.2)	3.6 1.8–8.5)	0.4 (0.2–1.2)	0.8 (0.3–2.1)
Echinolepis carioca	20.0 (10.3–33.7)	2.0**	3.4 (1.8–8.0)	3.0	0.7 (0.3–2.0)	0.1
Choanotaenia infundibulum	–	8.2 (2.8–18.9)	–	2.0 (1.0–3.0)	–	0.2 (0.0–0.6)
Davainea proglottina	–	36.7*** (24.1–51.0)	–	11.1 (9.7–12.8)	–	4.1 (2.6–5.8)
Amoebotaenia cuneata	–	18.4** (9.6–31.3)	–	1.7 (1.2–2.0)	–	0.3* (0.1–0.6)
Nematodes
Baruscapillaria obsignata	2.0 (0.1–10.3)	–	1.0	–	11.5 (9.5–13.6)	–
Aonchotheca caudinflata	–	67.3** (53.1–79.4)	–	9.6 (6.2–15.3)	–	6.5 (4.1–11.0)
Eucoleus annulatus	–	98.0*** (93.4–100.0)	–	45.7 (36.6–58.2)	–	45.7** (37.3–58.8)
Heterakis gallinarum	98.0 (89.7–99.9)	98.0 (89.5–99.9)	11.7 (9.8–13.8)	68.5** (54.0–86.9)	10.7 (8.2–14.4)	67.1** (51.2–85.1)
Ascaridia galli	94.0 (83.6–98.3)	49.0*** (34.8–63.5)	11.4 (8.7–15.1)	4.3** (3.1–6.1)	0.0 (0.0–0.1)	2.1** (1.3–3.3)

*p < .05, **p < .01, ***p < .001. ⁻= unable to calculate data.

Table 2. Species structure of the rainfed and irrigated chicken helminth communities.

Rainfed helminth community		Irrigated helminth community
	Prevalence (%)		Prevalence (%)
Core species		Core species
Heterakis gallinarum	98.0	Heterakis gallinarum	100.0
Ascaridia galli	94.0	Eucoleus annulatus	98.0
		Raillietina tetragona	85.7
		Raillietina echinobothrida	77.6
		Aonchohteca caudinflata	67.3
Secondary species		Secondary species
Raillietina echinobothrida	40.0	Ascaridia galli	49.0
		Davainea proglottina	36.7
Satellite species		Satellite species
Echinolepis carioca	20.0	Skrajabinia cesticillus	22.4
Skrajabinia cesticillus	18.0	Amoebotaenia cuneata	18.4
Rare species		Rare species
Raillietina tetragona	4.0	Choanotaenia infundibulum	8.2
Baruscapillaria obsignata	2.0	Echinolepis carioca	2.0

Table 3. Parameters and biodiversity index of free-range chicken helminth communities in rainfed and irrigated agrosystems.

Parameters and index	Helminth community
	Rainfed	Irrigated
Num. Taxa_S	2.760	5.633
Total Abundance	32.06	154.49
I. Margalef (specific richness)	0.561	0.952
Berger-Parker (dominance)	0.653	0.575
Shannon_H (entropy)	0.728	1.105

Data availability statement

Data available on request from the authors.