Dietary fibre type influences protein and fat digestibility in dogs

Figures & data

Table 1. Composition of experimental diets as-is and chemical analysis.

	Diets
	Corn starch	Corn starch + SL^a	Cellulose	Cellulose + SL^a	Beet pulp	Beet pulp + SL^a
Ingredients (%)
Poultry byproducts meal	24.10	24.10	24.10	24.10	24.10	24.10
Brewers’ rice	23.34	23.34	23.34	23.34	23.34	23.34
Full-fat rice bran	12.00	12.00	12.00	12.00	12.00	12.00
Corn grain	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00
Corn starch	10.00	10.00	3.50	3.50	–	–
Cellulose powder	–	–	6.50	6.50	–	–
Beet pulp	–	–	–	–	10.00	10.00
Poultry fat	10.00	9.00	10.00	9.00	10.00	9.00
Corn gluten meal	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00
Meat and bone meal	3.00	3.00	3.00	3.00	3.00	3.00
Palatability enhancer	1.50	1.50	1.50	1.50	1.50	1.50
Soy lecithin	–	1.00	–	1.00	–	1.00
Sodium chloride	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50
Vitamins and minerals^b	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40
Potassium chloride	0.15	0.15	0.15	0.15	0.15	0.15
Choline chloride	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
Chemical composition^c
Dry matter (%)	93.6	94.6	93.9	93.9	96.0	95.8
Organic matter (%)	93.1	93.3	92.9	93.3	92.8	92.7
Crude protein (%)	30.1	28.9	29.4	28.8	29.2	29.6
NDF (%)	6.9	6.7	12.8	12.6	11.5	11.7
ADF (%)	2.9	2.8	7.5	7.7	5.4	5.8
FDT (%)	6.82	6.82	13.1	13.1	13.8	13.8
Insoluble fibre (%)	5.75	5.75	11.96	11.96	11.17	11.17
Soluble fibre (%)	1.27	1.27	1.32	1.32	3.34	3.34
Insoluble/soluble ratio	4.53	4.53	9.06	9.06	3.34	3.34
Carbohydrates^d (%)	44.0	45.1	44.8	45.2	44.3	43.8
Fat (%)	19.1	19.4	18.7	19.3	19.3	19.3
Ash (%)	6.8	6.7	7.1	6.7	7.2	7.3
MEFEDIAF^e (kcal/kg)	4,256	4,269	4,039	4,062	4,045	3,916

^aSL:Soy Lecithin.

^bProvided the following per kilogram of diet: vitamin A, 7000 IU; vitamin B1, 2 mg; vitamin B12, 25 mcg; vitamin B2, 4 mg; vitamin B6, 2 mg; vitamin D3, 600 IU; vitamin E, 50 IU; vitamin K3, 1 mg; folic acid, 0.2 mg; pantothenic acid, 10 mg; biotin, 0.03 mg; niacin, 30 mg; cobalt, 10 mg; copper, 7 mg; iron, 80 mg; iodine, 1.5 mg; manganese, 5 mg; selenium, 0.2 mg; zinc, 100 mg; antioxidant (BHT), 150 mg.

^cDry matter basis, except for dry matter.

^dCarbohydrates = %DM – (%Ash + %Fat + %CP).

^eME_FEDIAF = [(GE intake – faecal GE) – (CP intake grams – faecal CP grams) × 1.25]/DM intake.

NDF: Neutral detergent fiber; ADF: Acid detergent fiber; TDF: Total dietary fiber.

Table 2. Food intake, faecal output, apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of macronutrient and energy, true total tract digestibility (TTTD) of fat and stool quality of adult dogs fed diets with different fibre sources and soy lecithin.

	Fibre sources			Soy lecithin		SEM^c	p-Value
	Corn Starch	Cellulose	Beet Pulp	0%	1%		Fibre source (FS)	Soy lecithin (SL)	FS vs. SL
Intake
Food intake, kcal ME/BW (kg)^0.75 day	131	131	128	132	129	1.60	0.6050	0.3581	0.4310
ATTD, %
DM	83.3^a	78.7^b	78.0^b	79.7	80.3	0.32	<0.0001	0.3139	0.2940
OM	87.9^a	82.7^b	82.1^b	84.0	84.4	0.27	<0.0001	0.4626	0.2655
CP	86.3^a	85.6^a	82.9^b	84.8	85.0	0.34	0.0011	0.7350	0.0890
NDF	26.0^a	35.6^b	35.5^b	29.7	35.1	1.45	0.0172	0.0718	0.9708
ADF	15.2^a	35.4^b	19.1^a	21.3	25.2	1.65	<0.0001	0.2824	0.4453
Carbohydrates^d	87.3^a	76.7^b	78.1^b	80.5	80.9	0.36	<0.0001	0.5313	0.8111
Fat	91.8^a	91.8^a	89.8^b	91.1	91.1	0.27	0.0049	0.9419	0.3482
Energy	87.7^a	83.7^b	82.5^b	84.5	84.8	0.28	<0.0001	0.6322	0.0274
TTTD of Fat, %
EFL corrected by mg/kg BW/day	97.0^a	96.9^a	94.8^b	96.2	96.3	0.29	0.0075	0.9608	0.4465
Faecal output
Faecal DM, %	38.1^a	40.1^a	27.4^b	34.9	35.6	0.68	<0.0001	0.6061	0.7551
Faecal score^e	2.50^ab	2.40^a	2.70^b	2.50	2.50	0.04	0.0099	0.8533	0.6895

^a,bWithin a row, means lacking a common superscript differ (p < 0.05).

^cStandard error of the mean.

^dCarbohydrates = %DM – (%Ash + %Fat + %CP).

^eFaecal score based on the following scale: 1 = hard dry and crumbly, ‘bullet like’; 2 = well formed, does not leave a mark when picked up, kickable; 3 = moist beginning to lose form, leaving a definite mark when picked up; 4 = the majority, if not all the form is lost, poor consistency, viscous and 5 = watery diarrhoea.

ATTD: Apparent total tract digestibility; NDF: Neutral detergent fiber; ADT: Acid detergent fiber; TTTD: True total tract digestibility; EFL: Endogenous fat loss.

Figure 1. Coefficient of apparent total tract digestibility of energy according to each group. (a, b) Different letters shows differences within fibre source group (p < 0.0001). (A, B) Different capital letters shows differences in the interaction between cellulose source × soy lecithin addition (p < 0.05). (C,D) Different capital letters shows differences in the interaction between beet pulp × soy lecithin addition (p < 0.05).

Data availability statement

Data are evaluable at doi: 10.17632/r357twhj68.1 or you can email corresponding author.