Fatty acid and amino acid profiles in muscle longissimus lumborum et thoracis of the indigenous Prestice Black-Pied pig breed in comparison with a commercial pig hybrid

Figures & data

Table 1. Ingredients and nutrient composition of the diets .

	A1	A2	A3
Ingredients as fed basis (%)
Wheat	36	42	46
Barley	25	30	32
Soybean meal, extracted	22	20	12
Corn	13	5	7
Salt	0.4	0.4	0.4
Monocalcium phosphate	0.5	0.5	0.5
Magnesium oxide	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amino acids and vitamins^a	3	2	2
Nutrients (%)
Dry matter	88.2	88.9	88.4
Fat	5.4	2.4	1.7
N-substances	17	16.1	14.3
Ash	4.9	4.5	4.3
ME (MJ/kg)	13.0	12.9	12.8

A1: diet fed to pigs with average live weight to 35 kg. A2: diet fed to pigs with average live weight to 60 kg. A3: diet fed to pigs with average live weight to 100 kg.

^a1kg of vitamin-mineral premix provided: vitamin A, 667.000 IU; vitamin D3, 110.000 IU; vitamin E, 2.800 IU; vitamin K3, 130 mg; vitamin B1, 140 mg; vitamin B2, 470 mg; vitamin B6, 195 mg; vitamin B12, 280 μg; niacinamide, 1.445 mg; Ca pantothenate, 1.000 mg; biotin, 5700 μg; choline Cl, 111.170 mg; CuSO_4·5H₂O, 1.100 mg; FeSO_4·H₂O, KI, 84 mg; MnO, 3.340 mg; ZnO, 10.000 mg; Na2O3Se1, 34 mg; lysine, 331 g; methionine, 66 g; threonine, 142 g; tryptophan, 8 g; endo-1,4-beta-xylanase (EC3.2.1.8), 122100 VU; endo-1,3 (4)- beta-glucanase (EC3.2.1.6), 166500 VU.

Table 2. Fatty acid profile of musculus longissimus lumborum et thoracis muscle depending on genotype and sex (mg/100g).

Item	Genotype (G)					Significance
	PB		CH
Sex (S)	Gilts	Barrows	Gilts	Barrows	SEM	G	S	G × S
C6:0 (Caproic)	2.34	2.36	1.85	1.62	0.30	ns	ns	ns
C8:0 (Caprylic)	1.16^a	2.55^b	1.64^a	1.15^a	0.44	ns	ns	*
C10:0 (Capric)	1.67^a	3.96^b	3.25^b	3.08^b	0.47	ns	*	*
C12:0 (Lauric)	1.95^a	4.21^b	4.00^b	3.11^b	0.57	ns	ns	*
C13:0 (Tridecylic)	1.40^a	3.01^b	2.70^b	2.14^b	0.43	ns	ns	*
C14:0 (Myristic)	16.07^a	23.52^b	11.12^a	10.02^a	1.96	***	ns	*
C15:0 (Pentadecylic)	1.14	1.83	1.55	1.86	0.30	***	ns	ns
C16:0 (Palmitic)	231.56	299.87	185.63	199.41	24.26	**	ns	ns
C17:0 (Margaric)	5.44	6.03	3.26	3.07	0.56	***	ns	ns
C18:0 (Stearic)	118.27^a	180.87^b	97.12^a	101.39^a	13.34	**	*	*
C20:0 (Arachidic)	2.21^a	4.48^b	2.57^a	2.78^a	0.41	ns	**	*
C22:0 (Behenic)	6.83^b	4.36^ab	4.46^ab	2.98^a	0.76	*	*	ns
C24:0 (Lignoceric)	9.68	6.07	4.59	3.81	0.72	***	**	ns
C14:1n5 (Myristoleic)	0.40	0.46	1.29	1.58	0.19	***	ns	ns
C15:1n5 (Pentadecenoic)	4.01	5.57	3.65	3.65	0.67	ns	ns	ns
C16:1n7 (Palmitoleic)	35.17	48.08	30.20	31.60	3.71	**	ns	ns
C17:1n7 (Heptadecenoic)	5.12	5.76	3.38	3.20	0.56	**	ns	ns
C18:1n9 (Oleic)	388.27	557.79	337.77	364.89	47.43	*	ns	ns
C20:1n9 (Eicosenoic)	11.52	14.84	6.69	5.59	1.11	***	ns	ns
C24:1 (Nervonic)	8.30	4.55	4.19	3.07	0.75	**	**	ns
C18:2n6 (Linoleic)	68.55	88.78	87.97	92.18	5.62	*	*	ns
C20:2n6 (Eicosadienoic)	4.06	5.51	5.06	3.20	0.80	ns	ns	ns
C18:3n6 (γ-linolenic)	0.44^a	1.86^b	1.60^b	1.55^b	0.22	ns	**	**
C18:3n3 (α-linolenic)	7.75^a	10.83^a	10.03^a	9.23^a	0.85	ns	ns	*
C20:3n6 (Dihomo-γ-linolenic)	3.41	4.41	4.65	3.17	0.59	ns	ns	ns
C20:3n3 (Eicosatrienoic)	1.98	2.32	2.64	3.01	0.33	ns	ns	ns
C20:4n6 (Arachidonic)	10.51	10.62	16.20	14.05	1.20	***	ns	ns
C20:5n3 (Eicosapentaenoic)	2.06	1.81	2.64	1.40	0.54	ns	ns	ns
C22:6n3 (Docosahexaenoic)	2.30	2.50	3.25	1.67	0.55	ns	ns	ns
SFA	399.72	543.12	323.72	336.44	40.22	**	ns	ns
MUFA	452.80	637.06	381.17	413.57	52.27	*	*	ns
PUFA	101.07	128.64	134.03	129.45	8.58	ns	ns	ns
n-6	86.97	111.18	115.47	114.15	7.17	*	ns	ns
n-3	14.10	17.47	18.56	15.30	1.78	ns	ns	ns
n-6/n-3	6.73	6.60	7.28	7.70	0.44	ns	ns	ns
PUFA/SFA	0.27	0.27	0.46	0.41	0.02	*	ns	ns
AI	0.56	0.52	0.43	0.44	0.02	***	ns	ns
TI	1.23	1.17	0.93	0.99	0.05	***	ns	ns
SI	0.70	0.67	0.55	0.56	0.03	***	ns	ns
h/H	2.00	2.26	2.47	2.39	0.09	**	ns	ns
IMF (%)	2.20	2.38	1.58	1.64	0.04	***	ns	ns

PB: Prestice Black-Pied pig; CH: commercial hybrid; SEM: standard error of the mean; SFA: saturated fatty acids; MUFA: monounsaturated fatty acids; PUFA: polyunsaturated fatty acids; AI: atherogenic index; TI: thrombogenic index; SI: saturation index; h/H: hypocholesterolaemic/hypercholesterolaemic ratio; IMF: Intramuscular fat.

Results of the variance analysis are indicated as significant (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001) or not significant (ns).

^a,bMean values in the same row marked with a different superscript indicate statistical significance (p < 0.05).

Table 3. Amino acid profile of musculus longissimus lumborum et thoracis muscle depending on genotype and sex (g/100 g).

Item	Genotype (G)					Significance
	PB		CH
Sex (S)	Gilts	Barrows	Gilts	Barrows	SEM	G	S	G × S
Threonine	3.90	4.31	3.71	3.88	0.14	*	*	ns
Valine	3.94	4.33	3.89	4.06	0.12	ns	*	ns
Methionine	2.31	2.31	2.35	2.38	0.05	ns	ns	ns
Isoleucine	3.81	3.98	3.59	3.70	0.12	*	ns	ns
Leucine	5.57	6.90	6.40	6.68	0.20	ns	ns	ns
Phenylalanine	3.18	3.19	3.08	3.32	0.13	ns	ns	ns
Lysine	6.86	6.94	6.50	6.61	0.17	ns	ns	ns
Histidine	3.39	3.57	3.31	3.41	0.09	ns	ns	ns
Arginine	5.20	5.55	4.98	5.24	0.15	ns	ns	ns
Aspartic acid	7.94	8.44	7.41	7.79	0.24	*	ns	ns
Serine	3.33	3.60	3.14	3.27	0.11	ns	ns	ns
Glutamic acid	13.55	14.11	12.93	13.33	0.40	ns	ns	ns
Proline	4.04	4.39	3.84	4.16	0.24	ns	ns	ns
Glycine	3.70	3.81	3.45	3.56	0.11	ns	ns	ns
Alanine	4.62	4.78	4.31	4.58	0.14	ns	ns	ns
Tyrosine	2.76	3.05	2.72	2.84	0.11	ns	ns	ns
EAA	39.16	41.08	37.82	39.28	1.06	ns	ns	ns
nonEAA	39.91	42.18	37.80	39.54	1.20	ns	ns	ns
Protein (%)	20.20	20.04	23.15	21.96	0.33	***	ns	ns

PB: Prestice Black-Pied pig; CH: commercial hybrid; SEM: standard error of the mean; EAA: essential amino acids; nonEAA: non-essential amino acids.

Results of the variance analysis are indicated as significant (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001) or not significant (ns).

Data availability statement

The data presented in this study are available on request from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.