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Articles

Late Industrialism, Advocacy, and Law: Relays Toward Just Transition

, &
Pages 462-493 | Received 02 May 2023, Accepted 26 Sep 2023, Published online: 22 Nov 2023

Figures & data

Figure 1 A billboard in Port Lavaca, Texas, set up by the citizen science group NurdlePatrol with funds generated from the Waterkeeper settlement. Photo by Tim Schütz, October 2022.

Figure 1 A billboard in Port Lavaca, Texas, set up by the citizen science group NurdlePatrol with funds generated from the Waterkeeper settlement. Photo by Tim Schütz, October 2022.

Figure 2 Maps showing Calhoun County's bays and barrier island, petrochemical facilities and pipelines. FracTracker Website. https://ft.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?appid=0cdff7e116c0425fa55d1226e9204477, last accessed October 5, 2023.

Figure 2 Maps showing Calhoun County's bays and barrier island, petrochemical facilities and pipelines. FracTracker Website. https://ft.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?appid=0cdff7e116c0425fa55d1226e9204477, last accessed October 5, 2023.

Figure 3 Map showing Formosa Plastics operations around the world, excerpted from the report “Formosa Plastics Group: A Serial Offender of Environmental and Human Rights,” published by the Center for International Environmental Law in collaboration with the Center for Biological Diversity and Earthworks. The report covers Formosa's long track record of violations, the special hazards of plastics production, the corporation's complex web of subsidiaries, and plans to expand Formosa’s operations in Louisiana (Patton et al. Citation2021). Reproduced under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Figure 3 Map showing Formosa Plastics operations around the world, excerpted from the report “Formosa Plastics Group: A Serial Offender of Environmental and Human Rights,” published by the Center for International Environmental Law in collaboration with the Center for Biological Diversity and Earthworks. The report covers Formosa's long track record of violations, the special hazards of plastics production, the corporation's complex web of subsidiaries, and plans to expand Formosa’s operations in Louisiana (Patton et al. Citation2021). Reproduced under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Figure 4 An excerpt of the 1989 news article in the Victoria Advocate through which Diane Wilson first learned about Calhoun County's toxic load.Footnote6 Her preservation of the article was the start of what has become a major amateur archiving initiative. Like in the human rights, migrant, and HIV/AIDS movements, amateur archivists have become critical to the environmental justice movement (Deutch and Habal Citation2018; Faulkner Citation2019; Caswell Citation2021; Cifor Citation2022; Tansey Citation2023). Image by Diane Wilson, used with permission.

Figure 4 An excerpt of the 1989 news article in the Victoria Advocate through which Diane Wilson first learned about Calhoun County's toxic load.Footnote6 Her preservation of the article was the start of what has become a major amateur archiving initiative. Like in the human rights, migrant, and HIV/AIDS movements, amateur archivists have become critical to the environmental justice movement (Deutch and Habal Citation2018; Faulkner Citation2019; Caswell Citation2021; Cifor Citation2022; Tansey Citation2023). Image by Diane Wilson, used with permission.

Figure 5 Cover for the children’s book “Nobody Particular” by Molly Bang (Citation2000) about Diane Wilson’s emergence as an environmental activist. Artwork by Molly Bang, reproduced with permission.

Figure 5 Cover for the children’s book “Nobody Particular” by Molly Bang (Citation2000) about Diane Wilson’s emergence as an environmental activist. Artwork by Molly Bang, reproduced with permission.

Figure 6 Approximately 2500 samples collected as evidence for the Waterkeeper's suit, spread out on land around Diane Wilson's house. March 2019. Figure by San Antonio Bay Estuarine Waterkeeper, reproduced with permission.Footnote7

Figure 6 Approximately 2500 samples collected as evidence for the Waterkeeper's suit, spread out on land around Diane Wilson's house. March 2019. Figure by San Antonio Bay Estuarine Waterkeeper, reproduced with permission.Footnote7

Figure 7 Waterkeeper Ronnie Hamrick collecting plastic pellets (left), sample of pellets (middle), and handwritten report (right) in 2019. Photographs by Diane Wilson, reproduced with permission.

Figure 7 Waterkeeper Ronnie Hamrick collecting plastic pellets (left), sample of pellets (middle), and handwritten report (right) in 2019. Photographs by Diane Wilson, reproduced with permission.

Figure 8 The San Antonio Bay Waterkeepers continue to track Formosa’s violations of the zero-discharge agreement through water monitoring at the Texas facility's different outfalls. As of spring 2022, the group has recorded over 230 violations. Matagorda Bay Mitigation Trust, “Post Decree Violations (Chronological)”, contributed by Tim Schütz, Project: Formosa Plastics Global Archive, Disaster STS Network, Platform for Experimental Collaborative Ethnography, last modified 2 September 2023, accessed 2 September 2023. https://disaster-sts-network.org/content/post-decree-violations-chronological.

Figure 8 The San Antonio Bay Waterkeepers continue to track Formosa’s violations of the zero-discharge agreement through water monitoring at the Texas facility's different outfalls. As of spring 2022, the group has recorded over 230 violations. Matagorda Bay Mitigation Trust, “Post Decree Violations (Chronological)”, contributed by Tim Schütz, Project: Formosa Plastics Global Archive, Disaster STS Network, Platform for Experimental Collaborative Ethnography, last modified 2 September 2023, accessed 2 September 2023. https://disaster-sts-network.org/content/post-decree-violations-chronological.

Figure 9 Diane Wilson on the tenth day of her hunger strike in April 2021. Photo by Diane Wilson, reproduced with permission.

Figure 9 Diane Wilson on the tenth day of her hunger strike in April 2021. Photo by Diane Wilson, reproduced with permission.

Figure 10 Diane Wilson in the coffin she set up at the Galveston, Texas office of the US Army Corps of Engineers (Rogers Citation2021). Photo by Diane Wilson, reproduced with permission.

Figure 10 Diane Wilson in the coffin she set up at the Galveston, Texas office of the US Army Corps of Engineers (Rogers Citation2021). Photo by Diane Wilson, reproduced with permission.