Role of preovulatory concentrations of estradiol on timing of conception and regulation of the uterine environment in beef cattle

Figures & data

Figure 1. Circulating concentrations of estradiol on Day 0 of the estrous cycle for cows in the estrus and non-estrus groups. ^abP < 0.01.

Figure 2. Circulating concentrations of progesterone on Days 0, 5, 10, and 16 of the estrous cycle for cows in the estrus and non-estrus groups. Points having different superscripts are different (P < 0.03).

Figure 3. Relative expression of progesterone receptor on Days 0, 5, 10, and 16 of the estrous cycle for cows in the estrus and non-estrus groups. Days having different superscripts are different (^{ab and ac}P < 0.01; ^bcP = 0.07).

Figure 4. Relative expression of estrogen receptor alpha on Days 0, 5, 10, and 16 of the estrous cycle for cows in the estrus and non-estrus groups. Bars having different superscripts are different (^abP < 0.05; ^acP < 0.02; ^bcP < 0.01; ^bdP < 0.09; ^ceP < 0.07).

Figure 5. Relative expression of estrogen receptor beta on Days 0, 5, 10, and 16 of the estrous cycle for cows in the estrus and non-estrus groups. Days having different superscripts are different (^acP < 0.03; ^bcP = 0.09).

Figure 6. Relative expression of oxytocin receptor on Days 0, 5, 10, and 16 of the estrous cycle for cows in the estrus and non-estrus groups. Days having different superscripts are different (^{ab and ac}P < 0.01; ^bcP < 0.05).

Figure 7. Relative expression of Period 1 on Days 0, 5, 10, and 16 of the estrous cycle for cows in the estrus and non-estrus groups. Days having different superscripts are different (P < 0.05).

Figure 8. Relative expression of proenkephalin-A on Days 0, 5, 10, and 16 of the estrous cycle for cows in the estrus and non-estrus groups. Days having different superscripts are different (^abP < 0.03).

Figure 9. Relative expression of inhibin beta A on Days 0, 5, 10, and 16 of the estrous cycle for cows in the estrus and non-estrus groups. Bars having different superscripts are different (^{ab, ac, and ad}P < 0.01; ^bcP < 0.05; ^bdP < 0.10).

Figure 10. Relative expression of uterine milk protein (SERPINA14) on Days 0, 5, 10, and 16 of the estrous cycle for cows in the estrus and non-estrus groups. Bars having different superscripts are different (^abP < 0.01).

Figure 11. Changes in uterine transcription abundance between cows that had elevated concentrations of estradiol prior to GnRH-induced ovulation (estrus) and animal that did not (non-estrus) in relationship to the steroid profile of a normal estrous cycle. Solid arrows indicate P < 0.05 dashed arrows indicate P < 0.10. (nd = not detected; nsd = no significant difference).

Table 1. Primer sequence, annealing temperature and reference for genes of interest.

Gene of interest	Primer Sequence	Annealing Temperature (°C)	Reference
Estradiol Receptor α	5ʹ-GAATCTGCCAAGGAGACTCG-3ʹ 5ʹ-ATCATCTCTCTGGCGCTTGT-3’	55	*
Estradiol Receptor β	5ʹ-ACCTGCTGAATGCTGTGAC-3ʹ 5ʹ-GTTACTGGCGTGCCTGAC-3’	55	*
Nuclear Progesterone Receptor	5ʹ-CAGTGGTCAAGTGGTCTAAATC-3ʹ 5ʹ-TCTCCATCCTAGTCCAAATACC-3’	54	(Connor et al. 2005)
Oxytocin Receptor	5ʹ-CGTGCAGATGTGGAGTGTCT-3ʹ 5ʹ-CCTATCAGTCACAGCGTGGA-3’	55	*
Period 1	5ʹ-GGGCAAGGACTCAGAAAGAA-3ʹ 5ʹ-AGGCTCCATTGCTGGTAGAA-3’	58	(Cushman et al. 2007)
Proenkephalin-A	5ʹ-TCTGGAATGTGAGGGGAAAC-3ʹ 5ʹ-CTTCTTAGCAAGCAGGTGGC-3’	58	(Bauersachs et al. 2005)
Uterine milk protein precursor	5ʹ-ATATCATCTTCTCCCCCATGG-3ʹ 5ʹ-GTGCACATCCAACAGTTTGG-3’	58	(Bauersachs et al. 2005)
Inhibin β A	5ʹ-CGATGGGCAGAACATCATC-3ʹ 5ʹ-GTCTTCTTTGGACCGTCTCG-3’	58	(Bauersachs et al. 2005)
GAPDH	5ʹ-GATTGTCAGCAATGCCTCCT-3ʹ 5ʹ-GGTCATAAGTCCCTCCACGA-3’	61	(Han et al. 2006)

*Designed using Primer3 software (Rozen and Skaletsky 2000)

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