Computing sustainable manufacturing index with fuzzy analytic hierarchy process

Figures & data

Figure 1. Sustainable manufacturing hierarchical structure.

Table 1. Decision system components and their codes.

Decision components and elements	Code	Decision components and elements	Code	Decision components and elements	Code
Evaluation of sustainable manufacturing	G
Environmental stewardship	A	Economic growth	B	Social well-being	C
Pollution	A1	Profit	B1	Employee	C1
Toxic substance	A11	Revenue	B11	Employees health and safety	C11
Greenhouse gas emissions	A12	Profit	B12	Employees career development	C12
Ozone depletion gas emissions	A13	Cost	B2	Employee satisfaction	C13
Noise	A14	Materials acquisition	B21	Customer	C2
Acidification substance	A15	Production	B22	Health and safety impacts from manufacturing and product use	C21
Emissions	A2	Product transfer to customer	B23	Customer satisfaction from operations and products	C22
Effluent	A21	End-of-service-life product handling	B24	Inclusion of specific rights to customer	C23
Air emissions	A22	Investment	B3	Community	C3
Solid waste emissions	A23	Research and development	B31	Product responsibility	C31
Waste energy emissions	A24	Community development	B32	Justice/equity	C32
Resource consumption	A3			Community development programmes	C33
Water consumption	A31			Sustainable manufacturing index	SMI
Material consumption	A32
Energy/electrical consumption	A33
Land use	A34
Natural habitat conservation	A4
Biodiversity management	A41
Natural habitat quality	A42
Habitat management	A43

Figure 2. A TFN .

Table 2. Fuzzy scale for pairwise comparisons (a_ij).

Linguistic scale	Triangular fuzzy scale
Equal (1)	(1,1,1)
More or less equal ()	(1/2,1,3/2)
Between equal and moderate	(3/2,2,5/2)
Moderately more ()	(5/2,3,7/2)
Between moderate and strong	(7/2,4,9/2)
Strongly more ()	(9/2,5,11/2)
Between strong and very strong	(11/2,6,13/2)
Very strongly more ()	(13/2,7,15/2)
Between very strong and extremely strong	(15/2,8,17/2)
Extremely more ()	(17/2,9,9)

Table 3. Pairwise comparisons of the dominance of level 2 elements on level 1 parent element.

Sustainable manufacturing (G)	Environmental stewardship (A)	Economic growth (B)	Social well-being (C)	Priority vector
Environmental stewardship (A)	1			0.204
Economic growth (B)		1		0.402
Social well-being (C)			1	0.394

.

Table 4. Pairwise comparisons of the dominance of level 3 elements on level 2 parent element.

Environmental stewardship (A)	Pollution (A1)	Emission (A2)	Resource consumption (A3)	Natural habitat conservation (A4)	Priority vector
Pollution (A1)	1				0.353
Emission (A2)		1			0.348
Resource consumption (A3)			1		0.162
Natural habitat conservation (A4)				1	0.137

.

Table 5. Pairwise comparisons of the dominance of level 4 elements on level 3 parent element.

Pollution (A1)	Toxic substances (A11)	Greenhouse gas emissions (A12)	Ozone depletion gas emissions (A13)	Noise (A14)	Acidification substance (A15)	Priority vector
Toxic substances (A11)	1					0.349
Greenhouse gas emissions (A12)		1				0.346
Ozone depletion gas emissions (A13)			1			0.121
Noise (A14)				1		0.065
Acidification substance (A15)					1	0.119

.

Table 6. Local priority vectors from pairwise comparisons.

Elements	Priority vectors
Environmental stewardship			0.204
Pollution		0.353
Toxic substance	0.349
Greenhouse gas emissions	0.346
Ozone depletion gas emissions	0.121
Noise	0.065
Acidification substance	0.119
Emissions		0.348
Effluent	0.233
Air emissions	0.461
Solid waste emissions	0.229
Waste energy emissions	0.077
Resource consumption		0.162
Water consumption	0.304
Material consumption	0.101
Energy/electrical consumption	0.300
Land use	0.295
Natural habitat conservation		0.137
Biodiversity management	0.496
Natural habitat quality	0.254
Habitat management	0.250
Economic growth			0.402
Profit		0.402
Revenue	0.506
Profit	0.494
Cost		0.395
Materials acquisition	0.334
Production	0.329
Product transfer to customer	0.170
End-of-service-life product handling	0.167
Investment		0.203
Research and development	0.339
Community development	0.661
Social well-being			0.394
Employee		0.255
Employees health and safety	0.597
Employees career development	0.203
Employee satisfaction	0.200
Customer		0.495
Health and safety impacts from manufacturing and product use	0.204
Customer satisfaction from operations and products	0.402
Inclusion of specific rights to customer	0.394
Community		0.250
Product responsibility	0.339
Justice/equity	0.333
Community development programmes	0.328

Table 7. Global priorities of level 3 elements.

Level 3 elements	Global priorities	Rank
Revenue	0.08198	1
Profit	0.08003	2
Customer satisfaction from operations and products	0.07840	3
Inclusion of specific rights to customer	0.07684	4
Employees health and safety	0.05998	5
Community development	0.05394	6
Materials acquisition	0.05290	7
Production	0.05211	8
Health and safety impacts from manufacturing and product use	0.03979	9
Product responsibility	0.03339	10
Justice/equity	0.03280	11
Air emissions	0.03273	12
Community development programmes	0.03231	13
Research and development	0.02766	14
Product transfer to customer	0.02693	15
End-of-service-life product handling	0.02645	16
Toxic substance	0.02513	17
Greenhouse gas emissions	0.02492	18
Employees career development	0.02040	19
Employee satisfaction	0.02009	20
Effluent	0.01654	21
Solid waste emissions	0.01626	22
Biodiversity management	0.01386	23
Water consumption	0.01005	24
Energy/electrical consumption	0.00991	25
Land use	0.00975	26
Ozone depletion gas emissions	0.00871	27
Acidification substance	0.00857	28
Natural habitat quality	0.00710	29
Habitat management	0.00699	30
Waste energy emissions	0.00547	31
Noise	0.00468	32
Material consumption	0.00334	33

Table 8. Sample computation of toxic substance index of Company K.

Toxic substance	Actual score	Normalized score	Priority	Computed index
Lead (Pb) used	1	9	0.349	3.141
Mercury (Hg) used	1	9	0.349	3.141
Hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) used	1	9	0.349	3.141
Cadmium (Cd) used	1	9	0.349	3.141
Polybrominated biphenyl flame retardants (PBB) used	7	3	0.349	1.047
Polybrominated diphenyl ether flame retardants (PBDE) used	7	3	0.349	1.047
Eco-toxic substance effluent	6	4	0.349	1.396
Eco-toxic waste produced	6	4	0.349	1.396
Number of WEEE-related registrations	5	5	0.349	1.745
Chemical spills	6	4	0.349	1.396
Eco-toxic substances emissions	5	5	0.349	1.745
				2.031

Table 9. Company K performance indices.

Elements	Local priority vectors			Company K index
Environmental stewardship			0.204			0.094
Pollution		0.353			0.186
Toxic substance	0.349			0.203
Greenhouse gas emissions	0.346			0.242
Ozone depletion gas emissions	0.121			0.061
Noise	0.065			0.019
Acidification substance	0.119			0.063
Emissions		0.348			0.095
Effluent	0.233			0.058
Air emissions	0.461			0.138
Solid waste emissions	0.229			0.069
Waste energy emissions	0.077			0.077
Resource consumption		0.147			0.080
Water consumption	0.304			0.175
Material consumption	0.101			0.027
Energy/electrical consumption	0.300			0.094
Land use	0.295			0.024
Natural habitat conservation		0.162			0.096
Biodiversity management	0.496			0.347
Natural habitat quality	0.254			0.178
Habitat management	0.25			0.175
Economic growth			0.402			0.214
Profit		0.403			0.281
Revenue	0.506			0.354
Profit	0.494			0.346
Cost		0.394			0.153
Materials acquisition	0.334			0.100
Production	0.329			0.105
Product transfer to customer	0.170			0.082
End-of-service-life product handling	0.167			0.100
Investment		0.203			0.098
Research and development	0.339			0.226
Community development	0.661			0.264
Social well-being			0.394			0.201
Employee		0.255			0.124
Employees health and safety	0.597			0.319
Employees career development	0.203			0.118
Employee satisfaction	0.200			0.050
Customer		0.495			0.281
Health and safety impacts from manufacturing and product use	0.204			0.109
Customer satisfaction from operations and products	0.402			0.241
Inclusion of specific rights to customer	0.394			0.217
Community		0.250			0.105
Product responsibility	0.339			0.102
Justice/equity	0.333			0.206
Community development programmes	0.328			0.113
Sustainable manufacturing index (SMI)	1.000			0.415