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International Journal of Sustainable Engineering Volume 17, 2024 - Issue 1
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Research Article

User-centred machinery design for a small scale agricultural-based community using Quality Function Deployment

Sanidda Tiewtoya Department of Agricultural Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani, ThailandView further author information
,
Weerasak Moocharoena Department of Agricultural Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani, ThailandView further author information
&
Natha Kuptasthienb Department of Industrial Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani, ThailandCorrespondence[email protected]
ORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4087-3634View further author information
ORCID Icon
Pages 1-14 | Received 04 Jul 2023, Accepted 11 Dec 2023, Published online: 25 Dec 2023

Figures & data

Figure 1. A proposed DT-QFD methodological framework.

A process of a proposed DT-QFD methodological framework which includes Design Thinking, Quality Function Deployment and agricultural machinery design and development processes.
Figure 1. A proposed DT-QFD methodological framework.

Figure 2. Design Thinking process.

A process of design thinking which includes 5 steps of Empathy, Define, Ideation, Prototype and Test.
Figure 2. Design Thinking process.

Figure 3. Qualify Function Deployment (QFD) or House of Quality (HoQ) template.

A template to build a House of Quality with numbers of steps at each part of the house, starting with step number 1 until step number 6.
Figure 3. Qualify Function Deployment (QFD) or House of Quality (HoQ) template.

Figure 4. Machine design and development process.

A step down process for machine design and development, starting with solutions from DT, following by engineering specifications from QFD, then the morphological and functional analysis, the computer-aided-design and review, fabrication, assembly and test. The last step is a performance evaluation.
Figure 4. Machine design and development process.

Figure 5. The organic fertiliser making process at the school agricultural learning center.

Photograph of 4 steps in making organic fertiliser. Step 1, the students collect water hyacinths and banana sheaths. Step 2, the students manually chop the plants. Step 3, the students prepare all ingredients. Step 4, the students mix ingredients and leave for decomposition.
Figure 5. The organic fertiliser making process at the school agricultural learning center.

Figure 6. Interviewing and data clustering activities at the learning center.

Photographs of researchers and students sit on chairs and interviewed users in the community. The post-it notes with interview data were pasted on the board.
Figure 6. Interviewing and data clustering activities at the learning center.

Figure 7. Outcome from the ideation stage.

Two photographs rows of post-it notes in many colours written with many ideas retrieved from the ideation stage.
Figure 7. Outcome from the ideation stage.

Figure 8. Improved prototypes from the test stage.

Two photographs of the prototypes made from card board and colour papers, plastic tube, and plastic tube. The left photograph represents a cutting machine prototype. The right photograph shows the mixing machine prototype.
Figure 8. Improved prototypes from the test stage.

Table 1. Customer requirements and importance ratings.

Table 2. Engineering characteristics and direction of improvement.

Figure 9. Results of the QFD analysis.

A finished QFD or House of Quality template with all data from the analysis.
Figure 9. Results of the QFD analysis.

Figure 10. Water hyacinth leafstalks and banana sheaths harvested for morphological analysis.

Two photographs of the studied plants. The left photograph is 30 Water hyacinth leafstalks placed on the ground. The right photograph is 10 banana sheaths placed on the ground.
Figure 10. Water hyacinth leafstalks and banana sheaths harvested for morphological analysis.

Table 3. Water hyacinth and banana sheath dimension.

Figure 11. Functional tree analysis for winning concepts.

A functional tree diagram which illustrate the details of functional tree analysis.
Figure 11. Functional tree analysis for winning concepts.

Figure 12. CAD drawings of parts, sub-assemblies and a machine.

CAD drawings of the finished machine on the left. Next to the machine are 3 CAD drawings of a cutting system with red colour cover, a mixing system with yellow bin and a frame structure with grey colour. Next from the sub-assemblies are CAD drawings of parts.
Figure 12. CAD drawings of parts, sub-assemblies and a machine.

Figure 13. CAD drawing of the multi-function machine and its details.

A CAD drawing of the multi-function machine with number 1 to 13 in small circles and arrows point to the parts of the machine. The table on the right displays the number and name of the parts.
Figure 13. CAD drawing of the multi-function machine and its details.

Figure 14. The finished product – a multi-function fertiliser mixing machine.

Three photos of the multi-function fertiliser mixing machine in front, back and side views.
Figure 14. The finished product – a multi-function fertiliser mixing machine.

Table 4. Materials list.

Figure 15. Chopped water hyacinth and banana sheath.

Two photos of chopped water hyacinth on the left and chopped banana sheath on the right.
Figure 15. Chopped water hyacinth and banana sheath.

Table 5. The cutting system efficiency.

Table 6. The mixing system performance.

Data availability statement

All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article.

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