Understanding the traits of tourism sustainability activists through a life course framework

Figures & data

Table 1. Sustainability agency framework and life-course framework

Sustainability agency framework Schill et al. (2020)	Life-course framework (social pathway) Carpenter (2010); Fois (2017)
Higher children personal determinants (knowledge and concern)	knowledge and concern (research due to dissatisfaction)
Environmental determinant (spatial organisation; communication style; and encouragement)	Social background; country of origin; education; religion; work experience; identity, politics, etc.
Behavioural determinant (past experience)	History and identity
The more environmental sensitive children (individuals) are, the more engaged they are	The social, cultural background and context can affect the positionality of an individual.

Source: The authors (adapted from: Schill et al., 2020; Carpenter, 2010; Fois, 2017).

Table 2. Profile of tourism sustainability professionals

Gender	Level of education	Location HEIs
Female = 21 (80%)	Master = 14 (53%)	England = 13 (50%)
Male = 5 (20%)	Bachelor = 7 (27%)	Australia = 2 (7%)
	No data = 3 (11%)	Germany = 1 (4%)
	PhD = 1 (4%)
	Higher Vocation Diploma = 1 (4%)
Most common topic of degree	Nb PRME HEIs	Job title
Resp. Tourism Mgt = 5 (19%)	PRME = 8 (31%)	Sustainable consultant = 7 (27%)
		Head/sustainability manager = 4 (15%)
Type of organisation / employer	Status within the organisation	Location job
Consulting firm = 9 (35%)	Employee = 17 (65%)	England = 11 (42%)
DMO = 5 (19%)	Owner = 9 (35%)	Australia = 2 (7%)
TO = 2 (7%)		Spain = 2 (7%)
Association = 2 (7%)		Scotland = 2 (7%)
		Sweden = 2 (7%)

Source: The authors.

Table

	Initial	Gender	Educ. (HE)	HEIs	Topic/Area	PRME	Dest. Hold degree from	Current/last job	Employer	Type of Org.	Status (Owner (O)/Employee (E))	Location job
1	HG	M	PhD	Manchester Uni	Pol science & Gvt	NO	England	Prof. Resp Management	Manchester Met. Uni	HEI	E	England
2	PR	F	Bachelor	Univ Syd.	ND	YES	Australia	Head of Sust.	Tourism Australia	DMO	E	Australia
3	SW	F	Master	Leeds Beckett Uni	Resp Tourism Mgt	YES	England	Resp. Tourism & Sust. Coord.	Inside Asia Tour	T.O	E	England
4	KB	F	Bachelor	Murdoch Uni	Tour. & Sust.	YES	Australia	Sust. Planning & Comm Manager	TUI	T.O	E	England
5	PS	F	Master	King's College	Tour.Env. Dvt	NO	England	Group Head of Sust.	Hotelplan UK Ltd	Hotel	E	England
6	BV	F	Master	Universidad Complutense Madrid	Geo Info Tech	NO	Spain	Ind Sustainability Consultant	Self-employed	Consultancy	O	Spain
7	TA	F	Bachelor	Jami At Al-Ulum	Lit & Translation	NO	Jordan	Sust. Manager	Dubai Tourism	DMO	E	Dubai
8	CJ	F	Master	Univ Oxford	Physics	NO	England	Head of Sust.	ABTA	Association	E	England
9	GR	M	Master	Leeds Beckett Uni	Resp Tourism Mgt	YES	England	Sustainanle tourism consultant	Self-employed	Consultancy	O	England
10	CI	M	Master	Edinburg Napier Uni.	Ecotourism	YES	Scotland	Director of Sustainability	WTTC	Council	E	Scotland
11	MV	F	Master	Mediterranean Agro Instit. Of Chania	Conservtion of Nat. Ress.	NO	Greece	Sustainanle tourism consultant	Self-employed	Consultancy	O	Germany
12	MF	F	ND	Univ. Cambridge	Sust. Bus. Mgt	NO	England	Sustainability Manager	Discover the world education	Education Travel	E	England
13	KT	F	Bachelor	Goteborg Uni.	Busi.Admin. & Marketing	NO	Sweden	Sustainability Strategist & Dest. Dvt.	Goteborg & Co.	DMO	E	Sweden
14	ADJ	F	Master	Wagenigen Uni	Tourism, Leisure & Env.	NO	Netherlands	Sustainability consultant	Self-employed	Consultancy	O	Netherlands
15	KW	F	Master	Leeds Beckett Uni	Resp Tourism Mgt	YES	England	Director of Sustainability & Stewardship	Thompson Okanagan Tourism Association	Association	E	Canada
16	GH	F	Bachelor	CIMIC Katholieke Hogeschool Mechelen	Int. Comm & Intercult Mgt	NO	Belgium	Sustainability Manager	Joker Tourism	Excursion	E	Belgium
17	PR	M	Higher Voc Educ Diploma	Akademi Bastad	Busi Dvt & Sust Tourism	NO	Sweden	Sust Advisor & Lect	Northflash Sust Dest Services	Consultancy	O	Sweden
18	JN	F	Master	Oxford Brookes Uni	Tourism & Env Mgt	YES	England	Sustainable Tourism Manager	VisitScotland	DMO	E	Scotland
19	EM	F	Master	La Sapienza	Tourism & Env Mgt	NO	Italy	Officer on sustainable Dvt	Regione Autonoma Della Sardegna	DMO	E	Italy
20	DG	F	ND	Hochschule fur Anewandte	Sustainable Tourism	NO	Germany	Sustainability consultant	Self-employed	Consultancy	O	Spain
21	PB	M	Master	The Open University	Development Mgt	NO	England	Sustainability consultant	Self-employed	Consultancy	O	England
22	RM	F	Master	University North London	Int Tourism Policy	YES	England	Sustainability consultant	Self-employed	Consultancy	O	England
23	LW	F	Master	Metropolitan University Manchester	Marketing	NO	England	Sustainability Manager	British Airways	Airline	E	England
24	SP	F	Bachelor	Solent	ND	NO	England	VP Sustainability	Carnival UK	Cruise	E	England
25	JB	F	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	Environment & Sust. Manager	Tourism Noosa	Project	E	Australia
26	KE	F	Bachelor	University of Sussex	Geo with Dvt	NO	England	Sustainability consultant	Kat Emmtt Consulting	Consultancy	O	England

Schill, M., Godefroit-Winkel, D., & Hogg, M. (2020). Young children’s consumer agency: The case of French children and recycling. Journal of Business Research, 110, 292–305. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.01.030

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Carpenter, L. M. (2010). Gendered sexuality over the life course: A conceptual framework. Sociological Perspectives, 53(2), 155–177. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1525/sop.2010.53.2.155

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