Three-axis measurements with a novel system for 3D plantar foot scanning: iPhone X

Abstract

Three-dimensional (3D) surface scanning technologies are being used to produce digitized representation of human anatomy parts. The purpose of this study was to determine the agreement between two 3D scanners (Structure iSense and TrueDepth iPhone X) to obtaining anthropometric data from the foot. Fourteen feet from seven voluntary healthy adults (four males and three females) were scanned. 3D landmarks were placed on 1st metatarsal head (1MTH), 5th metatarsal head (5MTH), heel (H) and on the plantar side of the scaphoid tubercle (ST) to acquire measurements in the three space-axes (X, Y and Z). Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) > 0.9 was obtained for Structure iSense for the measurements taken in the three axes. ICC > 0.9 was obtained TrueDepth iPhone X for X- and Y-axes and ICC < 0.75 for Z-axis. Low standard error measure (SEM) was obtained in both scanners. The two methods provide moderate to excellent reliability measuring the foot in the three space-axes.

Keywords:

• Anthropometry
• foot
• phone
• three-dimensional imaging
• three-dimensional surface scanning

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).