Sliding Wear Analysis on A390 Aluminium Nanocoated with Sol-Gel–Synthesized Particles for Bearing

Figures & data

FIGURE 1 AFM images showing different particle sizes.

FIGURE 2 SEM images of coated A390 aluminium.

FIGURE 3 Pin-on-disc apparatus.

TABLE 1 Volumetric wear loss values for A390 aluminium alloy

			Volumetric wear loss (mm^3)
			Nanocoated specimen (with initial particle size of)
Sample no.	Time (h)	Uncoated specimen	900 nm	280 nm	150 nm	66 nm
1	5	0.34	0.2	0.18	0.19	0.17
2	10	0.78	0.577	0.6	0.57	0.48
3	15	0.91	0.703	0.71	0.68	0.65
4	20	2.32	1.256	1.12	0.98	0.99
5	25	3.79	3.466	3.32	3.33	3.24
6	30	5.63	4.823	4.79	4.81	4.68

TABLE 2 Coefficient of friction values for A390 aluminium alloy

			Coefficient of friction
			Nanocoated specimen (with initial particle size of)
Sample no.	Time (h)	Uncoated	900 nm	280 nm	150 nm	66 nm
1	5	0.15	0.102	0.11	0.09	0.12
2	10	0.19	0.145	0.13	0.131	0.14
3	15	0.22	0.163	0.159	0.158	0.159
4	20	0.38	0.293	0.28	0.28	0.271
5	25	0.51	0.346	0.33	0.34	0.32
6	30	0.56	0.440	0.41	0.42	0.41

TABLE 3 Measurement conditions of XRD shown in Figure 4

Data set	Chromium Nitrate
Measurement date and time	4/21/2009 7:07:15 PM
Operator	SRM UNIVERSITY
Raw data origin	XRD measurement (*.XRDML)
Scan axis	Gonio
Start position [°2Th.]	10.0250
End position [°2Th.]	89.9750
Step size [°2Th.]	0.0500
Scan step time [s]	2.0000
Scan type	Continuous
Offset [°2Th.]	0.0000
Divergence slit type	Fixed
Divergence slit size [°]	0.4785
Specimen length [mm]	10.00
Receiving slit size [mm]	0.1000
Measurement temperature [°C] 25.00
Anode material	Cu
K-Alpha1 [Å]	1.54060
Generator settings	40 mA, 45 kV
Diffractometer type	0000000011035126
Goniometer radius [mm]	240.00
Dist. focus–diverg. slit [mm]	91.00

TABLE 4 Peak list for XRD shown in Figure 4

Pos. [°2Th.]	Height [cts]	FWHM [°2Th.]	d-spacing [Å]	Rel. Int. [%]
25.0632	126.13	0.3600	3.55012	33.07
34.1780	266.71	0.3000	2.62134	69.92
36.7656	323.18	0.2400	2.44257	84.73
40.3464	25.40	0.1800	2.23366	6.66
42.0216	148.14	0.2400	2.14841	38.84
44.7892	10.30	0.3600	2.02187	2.70
50.8141	113.49	0.3000	1.79537	29.75
55.3636	381.44	0.2400	1.65812	100.00
58.9281	15.26	0.3600	1.56604	4.00
64.0131	69.71	0.3600	1.45335	18.28
65.5707	143.18	0.3000	1.42255	37.54
73.3609	57.76	0.2400	1.28952	15.14
77.2792	25.86	0.3600	1.23362	6.78
79.5918	11.39	0.4800	1.20349	2.99
80.7500	4.23	0.2400	1.18912	1.11
82.4911	10.05	0.6000	1.16838	2.63
84.7026	18.23	0.4800	1.14343	4.78
86.1604	5.25	0.2400	1.12778	1.38
86.9049	19.57	0.4800	1.12002	5.13

FIGURE 4 XRD of the nano-sized Cr(NO₃)₃· 9H₂O particles.

FIGURE 5 Wear test result for A390 aluminium showing volumetric wear loss versus time.

FIGURE 6 Wear test result for A390 aluminium showing coefficient of friction versus time.