A dynamic impact assessment method for rainstorm waterlogging using land-use data

Figures & data

Figure 1. Map of the geography and locations of the meteorological stations in Pukou District, China.

Source: Pukou Meteorological Bureau and Nanjing Land and Resources Bureau, 2015.

Table 1. Hierarchical index table of the impacts of rainstorm waterlogging disasters on different industries.

Industry	Level of water depth	Water depth range (cm)	Risk description	Reference source
Facilities agriculture	1	10–24.9	Low risk	Discussion on Waterlogging Resistance Technology in Vegetable Production (Zhao and Hou 2012); Technical Scheme of Facility Agriculture Waterlogging Resistance and Waterlogging Prevention in Low-lying and Waterlogging-prone Areas (Liaoning Rural Economic Committee 2010); Investigation on Facility Agriculture Loss after Heavy Rain in Tianjin Agricultural Commission (Tianjin Agricultural and Rural Committee 2012)
	2	25–39.9	Medium risk
	3	40–79.9	High risk
	4	>80	Heavy risk
Flower seedlings	1	10–24.9	Low risk	Flower waterlogging prevention and postdisaster disposal (Hou 2012)
	2	25–39.9	Medium risk
	3	40–79.9	High risk
	4	>80	Heavy risk
Accommodation and catering	1	10–19.9	Low risk	Protocol according to the references of impacts in transportation industry
	2	20–39.9	Medium risk
	3	40–79.9	High risk
	4	>80	Heavy risk
Aquaculture	1	25–34.9	Low risk	The Impact of Rainstorm and Flood on Aquaculture and Its Prevention and Control Measures (Liu and Pan 2011)
	2	35–49.9	Medium risk
	3	50–99.9	High risk
	4	>100	Heavy risk
Livestock and poultry	1	10–29.9	Low risk	Key Technical Measures for Dairy Farm Production Self-rescue after Rainstorm Disaster (Xiao and Duan 2008); How to Manage Dairy Cows in Extremely Heavy Rainstorm (Wei et al. 2012)
	2	30–59.9	Medium risk
	3	60–99.9	High risk
	4	>100	Heavy risk
Manufacturing and services	1	10–24.9	Low risk	Protocol according to the references of impacts in transportation industry
	2	25–39.9	Medium risk
	3	40–99.9	High risk
	4	>100	Heavy risk
Construction	1	25–49.9	Low risk	Emergency Preparedness Plan for Meteorological Disasters in Pukou District (Pukou District People’s Government 2017)
	2	50–59.9	Medium risk
	3	60–79.9	High risk
	4	>80	Heavy risk
Transportation	1	15–24.9	Low risk	Investigation on Water-wading Ability of Compact Household Vehicles (Zhu 2011a); Investigation on Water-wading Ability of Medium-sized Vehicles (Zhu 2011b)
	2	25–39.9	Medium risk
	3	40–59.9	High risk
	4	>60	Heavy risk
Pedestrian activities	1	5–14.9	Low risk	Pedestrians self-help guide in the rainstorm
	2	15–29.9	Medium risk
	3	30–59.9	High risk
	4	>60	Heavy risk

Figure 2. Error distribution of the waterlogging points during the rainstorm on 1 August 2008, in the urban area of Nanjing, China.

Source: Pukou Meteorological Bureau, 2015.

Figure 3. Accumulated precipitation (mm) in 30-minute intervals from 18:00 to 23:00 on 28 September 2014, at different stations in Pukou District, China.

Source: Pukou Meteorological Bureau, 2015.

Figure 4. Resulting map of the interpolated precipitation from 18:30 to 23:00 on 28 September 2014, in Pukou District, China.

Source: Pukou Meteorological Bureau and Nanjing Land and Resources Bureau, 2015.

Table 2. Statistics of the numbers of people influenced by rainstorm waterlogging on every street at 21:30 on 28 September 2014, in Pukou District, China (unit: person).

Street name	No impact	1	2	3	4
Dingshan	59,720	161	56	113	6
Jiangpu	166,171	155	72	0	0
Laoshan	5,101	0	0	6	0
Pancheng	58,226	125	65	21	0
Qiaolin	92,195	0	0	0	0
Taishan	191,253	858	869	106	0
Tangquan	73,997	184	191	41	0
Xingdian	42,645	10	0	0	0
Yanjiang	45,604	91	39	8	0
Yongning	58,746	350	493	509	52

Table 3. GDP statistics of the extent to which the economy was affected by the rainstorm waterlogging disaster on every street at 21:30 on 28 September 2014, in Pukou District, China (unit: million yuan).

Street name	No impact	1	2	3	4
Dingshan	2,800	671	502	178	2
Jiangpu	4,761	5,653	67	0.06	0
Laoshan	224	0	0	0	0
Pancheng	1,233	319	41	6	0
Qiaolin	4,484	0	0	0	0
Taishan	7,477	2,953	2,110	205	0
Tangquan	2,378	334	262	39	0
Xingdian	1,357	4	0	0	0
Yanjiang	2,480	33	499	0	0
Yongning	1,803	742	1,076	554	1

Figure 5. Resulting map of the impact assessment of rainstorm waterlogging on the traffic and transportation industry at 21:30 on 28 September 2014, in Pukou District, China. Class 0 represents the lowest level; Class I represents the highest level and the most influential area.

Source: Pukou Meteorological Bureau and Nanjing Land and Resources Bureau, 2015.

Figure 6. Line chart of the comprehensive impact assessment of rainstorm waterlogging on various industries from 18:30 to 23:00 on 28 September 2014, in Pukou District, China.

Source: Pukou Meteorological Bureau, 2015.

Figure 7. Line chart of the regional impact assessment of rainstorm waterlogging from 18:30 to 23:00 on 28 September 2014, in Pukou District, China.

Source: Pukou Meteorological Bureau, 2015.

Figure 8. Line chart of the overall impact assessment of rainstorm waterlogging from 18:30 to 23:00 on 28 September 2014, in Pukou District, China.

Source: Pukou Meteorological Bureau, 2015.

Table 4. Land-use types corresponding to different industries.

Affected industry	First class of land use	Second class of land use
Transportation	Land use of transportation	Land use of road
Facility agriculture	Other land use	Land use of facility agriculture
Aquaculture	Land use of water area and water conservancy facilities	Pond
Livestock and poultry breeding	Land use of grass	Land use of natural and artificial grass

Table 5. Statistical indicators of waterlogging for the population and the economy.

Object	Water depth (unit: cm)	Level	Impact description
Population	Depth<10	0	No impact
	10 ≤ Depth<25	1	Low impact
	25 ≤ Depth<45	2	Moderate impact
	45 ≤ Depth<90	3	High impact
	Depth ≥ 90	4	Very high impact
Economy	Depth<15	0	No impact
	15 ≤ Depth<30	1	Low impact
	30 ≤ Depth<50	2	Moderate impact
	50 ≤ Depth<80	3	High impact
	Depth ≥ 80	4	Very high impact

Table A1. Impact levels of rainstorm waterlogging points on 1 August 2008, in the urban area of Nanjing, China.

Place Pukou Meteorological Bureau and Nanjing Land and Resources Bureau, 2015	District name	Actual level	Simulated level
First place of Heyan Road	Xiaguan	1	1
First place of Mofu East Road	Xiaguan	1	1
Second place of Mofu East Road	Xiaguan	1	1
Third place of Mofu East Road	Xiaguan	1	1
Maigaoqiao Street	Xiaguan	2	1
Second place of Heyan Road	Xiaguan	1	1
Jiajiayuan Back Road	Xiaguan	1	1
First place of Jiangjiatun Community	Xiaguan	1	1
Gongrenxincun Village	Gulou	1	1
Luxiying Jinmao Garden	Gulou	1	1
Zhongshan North Road	Gulou	1	1
Xiaomenkou Road	Gulou	2	1
Hongshan Road	Xuanwu	2	1
Second place of Jiangjiatun Community	Xiaguan	1	1
Huanlin Road	Xuanwu	1	1
First place of Shuozuogang 48 Lane	Gulou	1	1
Second place of Shuozuogang 48 Lane	Gulou	1	1
Shuozuogang Community	Gulou	1	1
Sanchariver Bridge	Xiaguan	1	1
Dinghuaimen Street	Xiaguan	1	2
Jiangsu Road	Gulou	1	1
Xiqiao Bridge	Gulou	1	1
Yueguang Square	Gulou	1	1
Longyuan Middle Road	Gulou	2	1
Beijing East Road	Xuanwu	2	1
Lijiang Road	Gulou	2	1
Jiangdong North Road	Gulou	1	1
Hanjia Lane	Xuanwu	2	1
Qingjiang Road	Gulou	1	1
Shenjuren Lane	Gulou	1	2
18 Zhongshan East Road	Baixia	1	1
Fenghuang West Street	Gulou	1	1
Hanzhong West Street	Jianye	1	1
Zhongshan South Road	Baixia	2	1
Nanwei Lane	Baixia	1	2
Hubu Street	Baixia	1	1
Holocaust Memorial	Jianye	1	1
First place of Xiawei Village	Jianye	1	1
Second place of Xiawei Village	Jianye	1	1
First place of Jiqinmen Street	Jianye	1	1
Hebei Village	Jianye	1	1
Jiyu Village	Jianye	1	1
Second place of Jiqinmen Street	Jianye	2	1
Lanqi Street	Baixia	1	1
Henan Back Street	Jianye	1	1
Tongjiang Road	Jianye	1	1
Gongyuan West Road	Qinhuai	2	1
Dasifu Lane	Qinhuai	2	1
Guanghua Road	Baixia	1	1
Youyihe Road	Baixia	1	1
Nanyuan Street	Jianye	1	1
Doufu Lane	Qinhuai	1	2
Wenti Road	Jianye	1	1
Gutong Lane	Qinhuai	1	1
Shuangtang Garden	Qinhuai	1	1
Xingrong Street	Jianye	1	1
Shiyang Road	Baixia	1	1
the place under the viaduct of Qinhong South Road	Qinhuai	1	1
Qinhong South Road	Qinhuai	2	1
Youyihe Road	Baixia	2	1
Fengtai South Road	Yuhuatai	1	1
Kaiyuan Community	Qinhuai	2	1
Ningli Road	Yuhuatai	1	1
Mother-in-law Temple of Hongjia Garden	Qinhuai	2	1
135 Songshan Road	Jianye	2	1
First place of Nanxijiang East Road	Jianye	1	1
Second place of Nanxijiang East Road	Jianye	2	1

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