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Articles

Development and validation of an HPLC method with fluorescence detection for the determination of fluorescent whitening agents migrating from plastic beverage cups

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Pages 1438-1446 | Received 19 Jan 2018, Accepted 11 Mar 2018, Published online: 30 May 2018

Figures & data

Table 1. Chemical structures of the FWAs studied.

Figure 1. HPLC-FLD chromatogram of Simulant D1 fortified with FWAs standard mixture.

Peak order and mass fractions: 1 = 1,2-bis (5-methyl-2-benzoxazole) ethylene, 3.6 min, 3.0 µg kg−1; 2 = 1,4-bis-(2-benzoxazolyl)-naphthalene, 12.4 min, 3.0 µg kg−1; 3 = FCM 422, 14.4 min, 5.0 µg kg−1; 4 = FCM 919, 20.2 min, 5.0 µg kg−1; 5 = FCM 920, 21.2 min, 5.0 µg kg−1; 6 = FCM 500, 21.7 min, 5.0 µg kg−1.

Figure 1. HPLC-FLD chromatogram of Simulant D1 fortified with FWAs standard mixture.Peak order and mass fractions: 1 = 1,2-bis (5-methyl-2-benzoxazole) ethylene, 3.6 min, 3.0 µg kg−1; 2 = 1,4-bis-(2-benzoxazolyl)-naphthalene, 12.4 min, 3.0 µg kg−1; 3 = FCM 422, 14.4 min, 5.0 µg kg−1; 4 = FCM 919, 20.2 min, 5.0 µg kg−1; 5 = FCM 920, 21.2 min, 5.0 µg kg−1; 6 = FCM 500, 21.7 min, 5.0 µg kg−1.

Table 2. Combined method performance characteristics in fortified food simulants A, C and D1 with FWAs standard mixtures (300 μg kg−1).

Table 3. Linearity, linear range and sensitivity results of the method developed for food simulants A, C and D1.

Table 4. Mass fractions (μg per kg of plastic) of the tested FWAs in the tested plastic cup specimens as obtained after ASE and Soxhlet extraction with ethanol.

Supplemental material