Extraction and separation of acetanilide herbicides in beans based on metal-organic framework MIL-101 (Zn) as sorbent

ABSTRACT

An extraction method based on metal-organic framework has been developed and applied to acetanilide herbicides, including metazachlor, propanil, pretilachlor, and butachlor, in black beans, red beans, and kidney beans. The acetanilide herbicides are extracted with a mixture of ethyl acetate and n-hexane. The extract solution is absorbed and purified with metal-organic framework MIL-101 (Zn). The separation and determination of four acetanilide herbicides were implemented by high-performance liquid chromatography. The experimental parameters were evaluated by a univariate method and orthogonal experiments. The presented method can obtain effective extraction and purification. The detection limits for metazachlor, propanil, pretilachlor, and butachlor were 0.58, 0.90, 1.78 and 1.18 µg/kg, respectively. The average recoveries of the acetanilide herbicides at spiked concentrations of 10, 50, and 100 µg/kg ranged from 86.9% to 119.0%, and relative standard deviations were equal to or lower than 2.80%.

Graphical Abstract

KEYWORDS:

• Extraction
• metal-organic framework
• acetanilide herbicides
• beans
• MIL-101 (Zn)

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Ethical approval

This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

Informed consent

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

Supplementary material

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Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the National Training Program of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates (Grant number: 201810223003), Heilongjiang BaYi Agricultural University for San Heng San Zong (Grant number: TDJH201806), Special Funding Project of Postdoctoral in Heilongjiang Province (Grant number: LBH-Z17212), the Scientific Research Start-up Foundation for the introduced (cultivated) talent of Heilongjiang BaYi Agricultural University (Grant number: XDB-2017-11).