Cannabinoid contents in hemp teas and estimation of their transfer into tea infusions

Figures & data

Figure 1. Formation of cannabinoids within Cannabis sativa.

Table 1. Total and individual cannabinoid contents in mg kg^-1 (mean, min, max and 95^th percentile) in dry hemp tea ordered from highest to lowest.

	Hemp tea category	Analyte content in mg kg^-1				Dry weight percentage of mean [%]	Ratio of cannabinoid acid to neutral form
		Mean	Min	Max	95^th percentile		mean	min	max
total cannabinoids	Flower	17713	9476	27,800	26,348	1.8	3.6	0.9	5.3
	Others	14190	1190	80,782	27,203	1.4	2.2	0.7	4.9
	All	14956	1190	80,782	27,074	1.5	2.5	0.7	5.3
CBD & CBDA	Flower	15261	8269	24,240	22,970	1.5	3.8	0.9	5.8
	Others	12164	789	70,818	24,044	1.2	2.6	0.7	7.4
	All	12838	789	70,818	23,605	1.3	2.8	0.7	7.4
CBC & CBCA	Flower	796	567	1157	1083	0.08	3.3	1.1	5.2
	Others	1052	272	6622	1957	0.11	2.4	0.8	4.8
	All	996	272	6622	1155	0.10	2.6	0.8	5.2
Δ9-THC & Δ9-THCA	Flower	612	132	1104	1021	0.02	1.7	1.0	2.5
	Others	379	25	1805	1147	0.02	0.7	0.1	2.6
	All	430	25	1805	1097	0.02	0.9	0.1	2.6
CBG& CBGA	Flower	460	70	806	769	0.05	3.0	0.7	4.8
	Others	380	67	994	679	0.04	1.5	0.5	3.5
	All	397	67	994	788	0.04	1.8	0.5	4.8
CBDV & CBDVA	Flower	412	60	972	876	0.04	3.4	1.4	5.6
	Others	115	8	304	259	0.01	2.1	0.04	5.2
	All	180	8	972	484	0.02	2.4	0.04	5.6
CBL & CBLA	Flower	75	42	96	96	0.01	6.1	1.8	9.0
	Others	71	27	273	141	0.01	4.8	1.3	16.6
	All	72	27	273	117	0.01	5.1	1.3	16.6
CBN & CBNA	Flower	80	32	207	179	0.01	1.0	0.2	1.4
	Others	37	2	103	93	<0.01	0.5	0.02	1.9
	All	47	2	103	102	<0.01	0.6	0.02	1.9
THCV & THCVA	Flower	18	1	36	34	<0.01	2.2	1.2	3.8
	Others	5	1	31	16	<0.01	1.1	0.2	3.9
	All	8	1	36	31	<0.01	1.4	0.2	3.9

Samples were differentiated between hemp flower tea, other hemp tea varieties and all hemp tea samples. The bold values are the determined contents over all tea types (no distinction between flowers and others).

Figure 2. Percentage composition of mean total cannabinoid content in dry hemp tea samples, differentiated between hemp flower tea and other hemp tea varieties.

Figure 3. Cannabinoid acid concentrations [%] in standard solution heated to temperatures of 40 °C, 60 °C, 80 °C and 100 °C related to standard at 20 °C.

Table 2. Total and individual cannabinoid concentration in µg L^-1 (mean, min, max and 95^th percentile) in hemp tea infusion ordered from highest to lowest.

	Hemp tea category	Analyte concentration in µg L^-1				Ratio of cannabinoid acid to neutral form
		Mean	Min	Max	95^th percentile	Mean	Min	Max
Total cannabinoids	Flower	52,674	33,595	75,190	71,358	109.7	30.9	259.1
	Others	29,407	2240	126,307	63,497	58.2	23.5	118.2
	All	32,704	2240	126,307	73,274	67.6	23.5	259.1
CBD & CBDA	Flower	48,257	32,060	68,250	65,400	113.6	32.7	270.4
	Others	27,476	1931	113,970	59,868	62.6	23.8	132.3
	All	30,232	1931	113,970	66,825	71.6	23.8	270.4
CBDV & CBDVA	Flower	2650	803	3997	4454	87.7	31.4	193.2
	Others	670	60	2082	1464	42.7	12.4	124.4
	All	1101	60	3997	3888	52.5	12.4	193.2
CBC & CBCA	Flower	1037	188	2064	1997	124.4	16.7	182.4
	Others	867	13	9661	2199	31.0	3.6	132.1
	All	904	13	9661	2030	48.0	3.6	182.4
CBG& CBGA	Flower	357	91	815	731	16.2	16.2	16.2
	Others	233	14	1020	566	87.7	46.2	117.6
	All	260	14	1020	782	75.8	16.2	117.6
Δ9-THC & THCA	Flower	189	38	320	305	14.1	4.9	35.2
	Others	87	4	308	270	6.0	1.9	31.3
	All	105	4	320	303	7.9	1.9	35.2
THCV & THCVA	Flower	67	9	143	128	81.2	66.5	96.0
	Others	13	0.1	105	42	59.9	59.2	60.6
	All	25	0.1	143	101	70.6	59.2	96.0
CBL & CBLA	Flower	54	43	86	78	18.4	18.4	18.4
	Others	45	8	139	87	42.5	42.5	42.5
	All	47	8	139	85	30.4	18.4	42.5
CBN & CBNA	Flower	64	42	121	111	16.4	4.8	26.6
	Others	21	0.3	60	56	11.3	2.5	23.5
	All	30	0.3	121	70	12.6	2.5	26.6

Samples were differentiated between hemp flower tea, other hemp tea varieties and all hemp tea samples. The bold values are the determined contents over all tea types (no distinction between flowers and others).

Figure 4. Correlation between the total cannabinoid concentration in hemp tea infusion and the total cannabinoid content in dry hemp tea.

Figure 5. Transfer rates of individual cannabinoids into hemp tea infusion (error bars denote the spread of individual results within the 23 hemp teas). The arrangement of cannabinoids from left to right was first ordered according to the carbon-to-oxygen ratio, followed by the hydrogen-to-carbon ratio of their respective chemical formulas.