Kinetic, isotherm and thermodynamic studies for the removal of Pb²⁺ ion by a novel adsorbent Luffa acutangula (LAPR)

Abstract

Luffa acutangula peel (LAP) is a cheap material easily available in northern regions of India. LAP in the raw (LAPR) form shows excellent adsorption efficiency towards Pb²⁺ (98%). The effect of various contact time, concentration, pH, and temperature was studied and it was found that reaction is endothermic and spontaneous in nature. Maximum adsorption was observed at 120 min at pH 6. Kinetic study was best obeyed by pseudo-second order. The equilibrium data were best fitted by D–R isotherm. The functional and morphological properties of adsorbents were characterized by FTIR, SEM, and EDX techniques.

Keywords:

• Adsorption
• D–R (Dubinin–Radushkevich)
• SEM
• EDX
• Endothermic
• LAPR

Acknowledgment

The author thanks the UP-CST (Uttar Pradesh-council of science and technology), Uttar Pradesh, India as funding agency for the financial support under the project no: D/352.