Effects of music therapy under general anesthesia in patients undergoing abdominal surgery

Figures & data

Table 1. Comparison of group M and group C based on demographic parameters and surgical interventions characteristics.

Characteristics	Group M	Group C	p
Average age (years)	51.7 ± 13.58	51.2 ± 12.5	0.80
SR	0.62	0.75	0.60
BMI	22.9 ± 2.12	23.0 ± 1.98	0.79
ASA			0.86
-I	34	36
-II	33	37
Surgical interventions			0.96
-biliary surgery	26	28
-liver hydatic cyst	14	13
-proctologic surgery	9	10
-cancer surgery	21	19
Average duration (min)
-of surgery	79.1 ± 43.6	82.6 ± 36.6	0.61
-of anesthesia	95.6 ± 45.6	101.1 ± 39.0	0.44

Group M: music intervention; group C: control group.

Figure 1. Changes, in systolic arterial blood pressure, related to music therapy. Group M: music intervention; Group C: control group.

Table 2. Effects of music therapy on recovery quality, VAS during recovery, patient satisfaction and intraoperative awareness.

Studied parameters	Group M	Group C	p
Quality of recovery:
-calm (Ricker scale <5)	77.14%	44.28%	<10^–3
-agitated (Ricker scale ≥5)	22.85%	55.71%
VAS during recovery
– <3	51.42%	30%
–3–6	42.85%	51.42%	0.01
– >6	5.71%	18.57%
Patient satisfaction	81.42%	51.42%	<10^–3
Intraoperative awareness	4.28%	11.42%	0.10

Table

Score	Term	Description
7	Dangerous Agitation	Pulling at ET tube, trying to remove catheters, climbing over bedrail, striking at staff, thrashing side-to-side
6	Very Agitated	Requiring restraint and frequent verbal reminding of limits, biting ETT
5	Agitated	Anxious or physically agitated, calms to verbal instructions
4	Calm and Cooperative	Calm, easily arousable, follows commands
3	Sedated	Difficult to arouse but awakens to verbal stimuli or gentle shaking, follows simple commands but drifts off again
2	Very Sedated	Arouses to physical stimuli but does not communicate or follow commands, may move spontaneously
1	Unarousable	Minimal or no response to noxious stimuli, does not communicate or follow commands