Oral microbial profiles of individuals with different levels of sugar intake

Figures & data

Table 1. Background data for the two groups with less or more added sugar than 5% of the total energy intake

	<5% of total energy consumption, n = 30	≥5% of total energy consumption, n = 40
Age, years (SD)	27 (8.8)	30 (7.8)
Sex, F/M (%)	24/6 (80/20)	31/9 (78/22)
DMFT (SD)	2.0 (3.6)	4.6 (4.5)
Oral hygiene 0/1/2	1/15/14	1/19/20
Sugar content of total energy (E %)	3.1 (1.6)	9.0 (3.7)

Oral hygiene: less than once per day = 0; once per day = 1; twice per day = 2.

SD, standard deviation.

Table 2. Comparison of the characteristics of subjects with samples included for assay with subjects with samples excluded

	Plaque samples included, n = 52		Plaque samples excluded, n = 18
	<5% (n = 20)	≥5% (n = 32)	<5% (n = 10)	≥5% (n = 8)
Age, years (SD)	28 (10.2)	30 (7.8)	25 (1.8)	32 (8.0)
Sex, F/M (%)	16/4 (80/20)	25/7 (78/22)	8/2 (78/22)	6/2 (71/29)
DMFT (SD)	2.2 (3.9)	4.7 (4.7)	1.7 (2.7)	4.0 (3.8)
Oral hygiene 0/1/2	0/12/8	1/14/17	1/3/6	0/5/3

Added sugar either <5% of the total energy consumption or >5% of the total energy consumption.

Figure 1. Relative abundance of predominant species- and genus-level probe targets. (a) Relative abundance of the 14 most predominant genus-level probe targets in each group. (b) Relative abundance of the 20 most predominant species-level probe targets in each group. An adjusted p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant and is highlighted in red.

Figure 2. Correspondence analysis visualized two-dimensionally with axes expressed as the two foremost inertia values accounting for a cumulative inertia of 20.31%. Samples from the low-sugar group (dark gray) and samples from reference group samples (light gray).

Table 3. The concentration of DNA (pg DNA/µL) for Scardovia wiggsiae, Streptococcus mutans, total Lactobacillus, and total bacteria in plaque and saliva samples from subjects with different levels of sugar intake

	Plaque, n = 52			Saliva, n = 70
	<5%	≥5%		<5%	≥5%
	Median	Median	p	Median	Median	p
Scardovia wiggsiae	5.6 × 10^1	2.6 × 10^3	0.003	3.0 × 10^2	4.0 × 10^2	0.476
Streptococcus mutans	4.7 × 10^4	3.9 × 10^4	0.840	5.7 × 10^3	2.9 × 10^3	0.976
Total Lactobacillus	2.8 × 10^4	3.0 × 10^4	0.690	4.2 × 10^4	3.1 × 10^4	0.887
Total bacteria	1.2 × 10^6	1.1 × 10^6	0.601	1.1 × 10^6	7.0 × 10^5	0.691