Oral Candida albicans colonization in healthy individuals: prevalence, genotypic diversity, stability along time and transmissibility

Figures & data

Figure 1. Distribution of the total individuals (A), males and females (B), and smokers and non-smokers (C) according to classes of yeast CFUs/mL in the saliva.

Table 1. Number and percentage of individuals with different colonization patterns in the oral cavity of the study subjects.

Patterns of yeast colonization	n (%)	Yeast species identified
Only C. albicans	59 (84.2)	C. albicans
C. albicans and other yeast species	4 (5.7)	C.guilliermondii, C. lusitaniae
Only non-albicans species	4 (5.7)	Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, C. parapsilosis, C.guilliermondii
C. albicans and bacteria	2(2.8)	C. albicans
C. albicans, other yeast species and bacteria	1 (1.4)	C. albicans, C. lusitaniae
Yeast species identified	n (%)
C. albicans	66 (94.3)
C. guilliermondii	4 (5.7)
C. parapsilosis	2 (2.8)
C. lusitaniae	2 (2.8)
R. mucilaginosa	1 (1.4)

Figure 2. GeneScan profile of the most frequent CAI genotype (21–25). Electropherogram of PCR products obtained from a strain isolated from participant S019, showing allele 21 (213 base pairs) and allele 25 (225 base pairs).

Table 2. Individuals with different C. albicans CAI genotypes.

Individual	CAI Genotypes
S009	28–37 28–38
S013	25–25 26–26
S031	25–25 14-25
S032	27–54 27–27
S075	26–34 27–35
S078	25–25 26–26
S108	24–25 25–25
S140	24–26 24–24
S142	27–38 25–27
S148	21–26 21–28

Table 3. Candida albicans CAI genotypes and species identified in the couples.

Individual	CAI Genotypes/ Species
S001a	25–33
S001b	nc
S005a	25–25
S005b	nc
S010-a	19–26 18–25
S010-b	18–26 18–25
S015-a	C. parapsilosis
S015-b	26-26 C. lusitaniae
S013	25–25 26-26
S017-a	21–21
S017-b	23–27 24-28
S035-a	18–25
S035-b	18-25
S036-a	18-25
S036-b	25–32
S045-a	25–25
S045-b	nc
S046-a	21–26
S046-b	21–26
S050-a	nc
S050-b	18–29
S052-a	25-25
S052-a	nc
S054-a	26–34 C. guilliermondii
S054-b	21–21 C. guilliermondii
S070-b	nc
S070-b	28-38 C. guilliermondii
S071-a	21–25
S071-b	21–25
S073-a	nc
S073-b	21–25
S094-a	nc
S094-b	22–22
S095-a	12–20 C. lusitaniae
S095-b	12–20
S128-a	21–25
S128-b	21–25

nc: not colonized.

Figure 3. Dendrogram clustering C. albicans isolates according to their CAI genotype. S: Smoker; NS: non-smoker, F: Female, M: Male. Smokers/Male; Smokers/Female; Non-smokers/Male; Non-smokers/Female.

Table 4. Comparison of the genotypes found in the first and in the second sampling performed approximately one year later.

	1^st Sampling	2^nd Sampling
Individual	CAI Genotypes	CAI Genotypes
S001	(25–33)	(25–33)
S032	(27–54) (27–27)	(27–54)
S035-a	(18–25)	(18–25)
S035-b	(18–25)	(18–25)
S036-a	(18–25)	(18–25)
S036-b	(25–32)	(25–32)
S054-a	(27–34)	-
S054-b	(22–22)	-
S095-a	(12–20)	(12–20)
S095-b	(12–20)	(12–20)