Serum vitamin D and diabetic foot complications

Figures & data

Table 1. Charcot versus non-charcot.

	Non-CN n (%)	CN n (%)	p value
n	50	50
Age	55.7	55.9	0.95
Males: Females	28 (56): 22 (44)	28 (56): 22 (44)	1
Type I: Type II	9 (18): 41 (82)	9 (9): 41 (82)	1
PAD	19 (38)	8 (16)	0.84
Neuropathy	39 (78)	50 (100)	0.003
Ulceration	25 (50)	29 (58)	0.42
Infection	13 (26)	20 (40)	0.22
Smoking	13 (26)	9 (18)	0.34
Transplant	3 (6)	8 (16)	0.11
BMI	30.9	33.8	0.08
Glucose	167 mg/dL	175 mg/dL	0.62
HgA1C	7.7%	7.7%	0.89
Creatinine	1.7 mL/min	1.5 mL/min	0.70
Vit D3	21.6 ng/mL	20.3 ng/mL	0.55
Albumin	3.4 g/mL	3.5 g/mL	0.78

Demographics and laboratory values for patients with and without Charcot neuropathy are noted.

Table 2. Peripheral arterial disease versus non-peripheral arterial disease.

	Non-PAD n (%)	PAD n (%)	p value
n	79	22
Age	55.6	58.5	0.22
Males: Females	39(49): 40 (51)	17 (77): 5 (23)	0.009
Type 1: Type 2	15(19): 64 (81)	3(14): 18 (86)	0.62
Neuropathy	68 (86)	21 (95)	0.07
Ulceration	39 (49)	15 (68)	0.07
Infection	25 (32)	14 (64)	0.003
CN	42 (53)	8 (36)	0.22
Smoking	12 (15)	19 (86)	0.001
Transplant	9 (11)	2 (9)	0.81
BMI	33.0	30.2	0.16
Glucose	169 mg/dL	179 mg/dL	0.63
HgA1C	7.8%	7.5%	0.49
Creatinine	1.4 mL/min	2.4 mL/min	0.007
Vit D3	22.2 ng/mL	16.2 ng/mL	0.03
Albumin	3.7 g/mL	2.9 g/mL	0.02

Demographics and laboratory values for patients with and without peripheral arterial disease are noted.

Table 3. Infected versus non-infected.

	Non-Infected n (%)	Infected n (%)	p value
n	61	39
Age	56.2	55.1	0.64
Males: Females	29 (48): 32 (52)	27 (69): 12 (31)	0.03
Type 1: Type 2	12 (20): 49 (80)	6 (15): 33 (85)	0.59
PAD	7 (11)	14 (36)	0.003
Neuropathy	50 (82)	39 (100)	0.005
Ulceration	18 (30)	36 (92)	<0.0001
CN	30 (49)	20 (51)	0.84
Smoking	13 (21)	9 (23)	0.84
Transplant	7 (11)	4 (10)	0.85
BMI	31.8	33.3	0.39
Glucose	163 mg/dL	184 mg/dL	0.23
HgA1C	7.7%	7.7%	0.81
Creatinine	1.1 mL/min	2.4 mL/min	<0.0001
Vit D3	23.9 ng/mL	16.3 ng/mL	0.0006
Albumin	4.0 g/mL	2.8 g/mL	0.001

Demographics and laboratory values for patients with and without diabetic foot infection are noted.

Table 4. Neuropathic versus non-neuropathic.

	Non-Neuropathic n (%)	Neuropathic n (%)	p value
n	11	89
Age	52.7	56.2	0.37
Males: Females	7 (64):4 (36)	37 (42):52 (58)	0.2
Type 1: Type 2	0 (0):11 (100)	18 (20):71 (80)	N/A
PAD	0 (0)	21 (24)	N/A
Infected	0 (0)	39 (44)	N/A
Ulceration	0 (0)	54 (61)	N/A
CN	0 (0)	50 (56)	N/A
Smoking	4 (36)	18 (20)	0.33
Transplant	0 (0)	11 (12)	N/A
BMI	32	32.4	0.85
Glucose	141 mg/dL	175 mg/dL	0.13
HgA1C	6.9%	7.8%	0.13
Creatinine	0.97 mL/min	1.68 mL/min	0.0003
Vit D3	27 ng/mL	20.2 ng/mL	0.05
Albumin	4.0 g/mL	3.5 g/mL	0.06

Demographics and laboratory values for patients with and without diabetic neuropathy are noted.

Table 5. Current ulcer versus no current ulcer.

	No ulcer n (%)	Ulcer n (%)	p value
n	46	54
Age	55.5	56.1	0.79
Males: Females	17 (37):29 (63)	39(72):15 (28)	>0.001
Type 1: Type 2	7 (15):39 (85)	11 (20):43 (80)	0.50
PAD	6 (13)	15 (28)	0.07
Infected	3 (7)	36 (67)	>0.001
Neuropathy	35 (76)	54 (100)	>0.001
CN	21 (46)	29 (54)	0.42
Smoking	12 (26)	10 (19)	0.36
Transplant	2 (4)	9 (17)	0.05
BMI	32.6	32.2	0.84
Glucose	159 mg/dL	182 mg/dL	0.18
HgA1C	7.5%	7.9%	0.33
Creatinine	1.2 mL/min	1.9 mL/min	0.04
Vit D3	23.6 ng/mL	18.7 ng/mL	0.03
Albumin	4.0 g/mL	3.0 g/mL	0.004

Demographics and laboratory values for patients with and without diabetic foot ulceration are noted.

Table 6. Serum vitamin D3 levels.

	n	Mean ng/mL
Vitamin D deficient^#	55	13
Vitamin D insufficient*	24	25
Vitamin D adequate^^	21	37

#Serum vitamin D3 < 21 ng/mL

*Serum vitamin D3 21–29 ng/mL

^Serum vitamin D3 > 28 ng/mL

Figure 1. Seasonal comparison. While season fluctuation was noted, no significant difference was noted between the four seasons.