A randomized controlled trial of brief Somatic Experiencing for chronic low back pain and comorbid post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms

Figures & data

Figure 1. Trial profile.

Table 1. Baseline correlations for study measures.

Measure	1	2	3	4
1. PTSD	–
2. PCS	.29**	–
3. TSK	.13	.48***	–
4. Pain	.28**	.33**	.25*	–
5. RMDQ	.41***	.43***	.36**	.46***

PTSD = number of symptoms above an item cutoff score ≥ 3; PCS = Pain Catastrophizing Scale; TSK = Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia; Pain = average score of three 11-point Likert scales; RMDQ = Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire 0–100% disability.

*p < .05. **p < .01. ***p < .001.

Table 2. Means and standard deviations of outcomes at baseline and 12 months among SE group and control group.

	SE group	Control group
	M (SD)	M (SD)
RMDQ*
Baseline	68.14 (22.22)	67.47 (20.95)
12-months	58.98 (26.10)	59.10 (27.99)
Change	9.2%	8.4%
Pain
Baseline	6.42 (2.23)	6.22 (1.78)
12-months	5.25 (2.36)	5.49 (2.41)
Change	11.7%	7.3%
PTSD
Baseline	10.70 (3.30)	10.00 (3.00)
12-months	8.68 (5.30)	10.33 (4.75)
Change	11.9%	−1.9%
PCS
Baseline	25.66 (9.85)	24.98 (9.90)
12-months	22.29 (10.37)	23.97 (11.11)
Change	6.5%	1.9%
TSK
Baseline	44.51 (5.72)	45.08 (5.87)
12-months	41.98 (5.64)	44.73 (6.09)
Change	5.0%	0,7%

* = Primary outcome; RMDQ = Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire 0–100% disability; Pain = average score of three 11-point Likert scales; PTSD = number of symptoms above an item cutoff score ≥ 3; PCS = Pain Catastrophizing Scale; TSK = Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia.

Figure 2. Number of PTSD symptoms.

Figure 3. Kinesiophobia.