Caring for the mental health of humanitarian volunteers in traumatic contexts: the importance of organisational support

Figures & data

Figure 1. The study hypotheses.

POS: Perceived Organizational Support; PSS: Perceived Supportive Supervision; TS: Team Support; Stress: Perceived Psychological Stress; A-MH: Adverse Mental Health; M-WB: Mental Well-being.

Table 1. The coefficients of correlation between scales.

Variables	Mean	SD	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
1- The Mental Well-being (M-WB)	30.56	3.76	-
2- Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7)	3.64	4.1	−.437**	-
3- Patient Health questionnaire (PHQ-8)	4.14	4.33	−.426**	.835**	-
4- Perceived Psychological Stress (Per.S)	12.89	6.13	−.500**	.720**	.663**	-
5- Perceived Supportive Supervision (PSS)	34.33	4.91	.223**	−.182**	−.215**	−.233**	-
6- Perceived Organizational Support (POS)	36.55	9.7	.401**	−.366**	−.446**	−.433**	.520**	-
7- Team support (TS)	28.82	3.76	.354**	−.283**	−.339**	−.386**	.463**	.478**	-
8-Adeverse Mental Health (A-MH)	7.62	7.94	−.455**	.955**	.961**	.720**	−.212**	−.430**	−.317**	-
9-Perceived Self-efficacy (PSE)	5.23	2.79	.394**	−.301**	−.281**	−.687**	.158**	.295**	.293**	−.311**	-
10-Pereived Helplessness (PH)	7.37	4.65	−.424**	.762**	.707**	.900**	−.213**	−.393**	−.337**	.763**	.302**

SD: Standard deviation

** Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

Table 2. Fully VS. partially mediation competing models fit indices.

Model	χ^2	df	CFI	TLI	RMSEA[90% CI]	SRMR	BIC
Partially mediation model	967.344*	444	0.897	0.885	0.054[0.049–0.058)	0.058	35,210.502
Fully mediation model	989.529*	450	0.894	0.883	0.054[0.050–0.059]	0.060	35,196.635

χ²: Chi square, df = degrees of freedom; CFI: comparative fit index; TLI: Tucker Lewis index, RMSEA: root-mean-square error of approximation, CI: confidence interval, SRMR: standardized square root mean residual, BIC: Bayesian information criterion, * Significant Chi square test.

Note: In Fully mediation model, there are no direct effects from independent to dependent variables. In contrast, in the partially mediation one, direct effects between independent and dependent variables were examined.

Table 3. Standardized and unstandardized regression weights for the relationship between variables in structural equation modelling.

	β	B	SE
Direct effects
● POS ⇒ PH	−0.6**	−0.12	0.12
● POS ⇒ PSE	0.56**	0.08	0.17
● PSS ⇒ PH	0.20	0.21	0.12
● PSS ⇒ PSE	−0.33*	−0.26	0.13
● TS ⇒ PH	−0.05	−0.10	0.12
● TS ⇒ PSE	0.2	0.27	0.12
● PH ⇒ A-MH	0.88**	4.27	0.02
● PSE ⇒ A-MH	−0.03	−0.21	0.04
● PH ⇒ M-WB	−0.43**	−0.20	0.07
● PSE ⇒ M-WB	0.41**	0.25	0.09
Indirect Effects
● POS ⇒ M-WB via PH	0.26**	0.02	0.08
● POS ⇒ M-WB via PSE	0.23*	0.02	0.1
● POS ⇒ A-MH via PH	−0.53**	−0.52	0.16
● POS ⇒ A-MH via PSE	−0.01	−0.01	0.02
● PSS ⇒ M-WB via PH	−0.08	−0.04	0.05
● PSS ⇒ M-WB via PSE	−0.13*	−0.06	0.06
● PSS ⇒ A-MH via PH	0.18	0.93	0.11
● PSS ⇒ A-MH via PSE	0.01	0.05	0.01
● TS ⇒ M-WB via PH	0.02	0.02	0.05
● TS ⇒ M-WB via PSE	0.08	0.07	0.05
● TS ⇒ A-MH via PH	−0.05	−0.45	0.11
● TS ⇒ A-MH via PSE	−0.007	−0.06	0.01

R-square

M-WB R² = 0.44, SE = 0.07, p < 0.001.

A-MH R² = 0.79, SE = 0.03, p < 0.001.

PH R² = 0.26, SE = 0.08, p < 0.01.

PSE R² = 0.27, SE = 0.09, p < 0.01.

Fit indices

χ² = 989.52**, df = 450, CFI = 0.894, TLI = 0.883, RMSEA = 0.054 [90% CI = 0.050–0.059], SRMR = 0.060.

POS: Perceived Organizational Support. PH: Perceived Helplessness. PSE: Perceived Self-efficacy. PSS: Perceived Supportive Supervision. TS: Team Support. A-MH: Adverse Mental Health. M-WB: Mental Well-being. β: Standardized weights. B: Unstandardized weights . SE: Standard Error (for standardized estimations). RMSEA: root-mean-square error of approximation. CI: confidence interval. df: degrees of freedom. CFI: comparative fit index. TLI: Tucker Lewis index. SRMR: standardized square root mean residual. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01.

Figure 2. The model results.

POS: Perceived Organizational Support; PSS: Perceived Supportive Supervision; TS: Team Support; PH: Perceived helplessness; PSE: Perceived Self-efficacy; A-MH: Adverse Mental Health; M-WB: Mental Well-being. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01.