The moderation of maternal parenting on the association of trauma, dissociation, and psychosis in depressive inpatients

Figures & data

Figure 1. The conceptual model of moderated mediation.

Table 1. Distribution of all quantitative and dichotomous variables (N = 91)

	MDD (N = 59)	BPD (N = 32)	Statistics
Variables	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)	P
Age	40.17 (7.74)	41.38 (7.09)	0.467 ^a
Educational level (years)	12.66 (2.80)	12.66 (3.53)	0.999 ^a
Psychotic symptoms (PANSS-P)	11.54 (3.49)	12.75 (4.27)	0.149 ^a
Depression (HAMD)	24.98 (5.26)	23.47 (5.42)	0.198 ^a
Dissociation (CADSS-S)	16.10 (16.12)	12.47 (17.62)	0.323 ^a
Maternal maltreatment (MOPS)	15.68 (12.35)	17.63 (12.07)	0.471 ^a
Paternal maltreatment (MOPS)	15.72 (12.96)	16.81 (12.94)	0.704 ^a
Low betrayal trauma (BBTQ)	5.76 (4.94)	4.81 (3.86)	0.349 ^a
High betrayal trauma (BBTQ)	7.22 (5.56)	5.81 (5.14)	0.243 ^a
Variables	Counts (%)	Counts (%)	P
Sex			0.808 ^b
Male	17 (28.8)	10 (31.3)
Female	42 (71.2)	22 (68.8)

SD = Standard deviation; PANSS-P = positive and negative syndrome scale-positive symptoms; HAMD = Hamilton Depression Rating Scale; CADSS = Clinician-Administered Dissociative States Scale; MOPS = Measure of Parental Style; BBTQ = Brief Betrayal Trauma Questionnaire; ^a: independent t-test; ^b: Pearson’s χ² test.

Table 2. The moderated indirect effect estimated by ordinary least squares regression (Low betrayal trauma and maternal maltreatment)

Outcome variable: Dissociation^1
Predictors	β	SE	p	LLCI	ULCI
Low betrayal trauma	0.938	0.374	0.014	0.194	1.681
Maternal maltreatment	0.261	0.146	0.077	−0.029	0.551
Low betrayal trauma × maternal maltreatment	0.054	0.025	0.038	0.003	0.104
Outcome variable: Psychotic symptoms ^2
Predictors	β	SE	p	LLCI	ULCI
Low betrayal trauma	−0.044	0.087	0.617	−0.216	0.129
Dissociation	0.097	0.024	<0.001	0.049	0.144
Index of moderated mediation	β	SE	p	LLCI	ULCI
Maternal maltreatment	0.005	0.003	-	0.001	0.012

LLCI: lower limit of 95% confidence interval

ULCI: upper limit of 95% confidence interval

β: regression coefficient

SE: standard error

¹: Model F(3, 87) = 8.58; p< 0.05

²: Model F(2, 88) = 8.77; p< 0.05

Figure 2. Final model indicating the co-efficient estimates and statistical significance.

Table 3. Moderated indirect effect of maternal maltreatment on dissociation divided at three level of maternal maltreatment

Maternal maltreatment	Indirect effect	Bootstrap SE	95% of CI ^1
Mean – SD (4.141)	0.027	0.039	(−0.052, 0.107)
Mean (16.363)	0.091	0.037	(0.031, 0.174)
Mean + SD (28.585)	0.154	0.059	(0.061, 0.290)

¹= percentile bootstrap confidence interval

Figure 3. Distribution plots for three different effects of moderation.