Hospital admission for COVID-19 pneumonitis – long-term impairment in quality of life and lung function

Figures & data

Figure 1. Trial profile.

Table 1. Demographics, comorbidities, and medicine at admission

Admitted with COVID-19 (n = 128)	Median (25–75% percentile) or percentage
Age (years)	64.5 (51.0–75.0)
Women/Men	42%/58%
BMI (kg/m^2)	27.2 (24.0–30.4)
Smoking status (never/former/current)	54.3%/43.3%/2.4%
Pack years (former and current smokers)	16.0 (3.5–31.5)
Length of Stay (days)	5 (3–8)
Respiratory Support (Oxygen/CPAP/MV)	86.7%/8.6%/3.9%
Comorbidities	Percentage of patients
Diabetes	28%
Hypertension	48%
Heart Failure	12%
Atrial fibrillation	8%
COPD	7%
Asthma	9%
Medical treatment at admission	Percentage of patients
Beta blockers	15%
Calcium channel blockers	24%
Diuretics	30%
Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors	11%
Angiotensin II receptor antagonists	24%
Direct oral anticoagulants	8%
Vitamin K antagonists	4%
Platelet inhibitors	15%
Oral antidiabetics	24%
Insulin and insulin analogs	8%
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs	12%
Prednisolone and/or immunosuppressants	5%
Long-acting muscarinic antagonists	3%
Long-acting beta-2 agonists	9%
Inhaled corticosteroids	13%

BMI, body mass index; CPAP, continuous positive airway pressure; MV, mechanical ventilation; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Figure 2. Prevalence of major symptoms at follow-up.

Figure 3. EuroQol 5D-5L at follow-up.

Figure 4. Post COVID Functional Scale before and after COVID-19. Grade 0: No functional limitations; Grade 1: Negligible functional limitations; Grade 2 Slight functional limitations; Grade 3: Moderate functional limitations; Grade 4: Severe functional limitations.

Table 2. Pulmonary function at follow up

Pulmonary function	Mean ± SD	Percentage with < 80% predicted
FEV1% predicted (n = 123)	90.1 ± 19.4	25.2%
FVC % predicted (n = 123)	93.3 ± 18.1	19.5%
FEV1/FVC (n = 123)	0.77 ± 0.09	(Value below 0.7) 13.8%
DLCO % predicted (n = 111)	79.1 ± 20.4	45.0%
DLCO/VA % predicted (n = 111)	92.1 ± 20.4	27.9%
TLC % predicted (n = 111)	87.8 ± 14.6	27.0%

FEV₁, forced vital capacity in the first second; FVC, forced vital capacity, DLco, diffusion capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide; VA, alveolar volume; TLC, total lung capacity.