Mapping, measuring and managing African national systems of innovation for policy and development: the case of the Ghana national system of innovation

Figures & data

Figure 1. Policy stages in the dynamics of innovation. (Adapted from Foxon et al. 2004).

Figure 2. Triple Helix Type 4 (an extension of the Triple Helix of Etzkowitz and Leydersdorff 1996).

Figure 3. Stages in the GNSI methodology. (Adapted from Koria & Köszegi 2011).

Table 1. GNSI Universe and Convenient Sample of Respondents

Figure 4. Actor-Centric Assessment of Inter-Linkages (Very Important-Very Strong)

Figure 5. Actor-centric assessment of inter-linkages (Very Important – Very Weak)

Table 2. Factors underlying barriers to innovation

Table 3. Internal consistency of factor

Foxon, T., Makuch, Z., Mata, M. and Pearson, P. (2004), Innovation systems and policy-making processes for the transition to sustainability. In Klaus Jacob, Klaus, Binder, Manfred and Wieczorek, Anna (eds.), Governance for Industrial Transformation. Proceedings of the 2003 Berlin Conference on the Human Dimensions of Global Environmental Change. pp. 96–112. Berlin: Environmental Policy Research Centre.

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Koria, R. and Köszegi, S. (2011), National systems of innovation (NSI): measurement and implications for science technology and innovation policy in Ghana. UNIDO Conference on Competitiveness & Diversification: Strategic Challenges in a Petroleum-Rich Economy. Accra, Ghana 14–15 March 2011, p.8.

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