Cross-disciplinary meaning and language for innovation in a business context: A conceptual paper

Figures & data

Figure 1: First-generation innovation process (Rothwell 1994, 8).

Figure 2: Second-generation innovation process (Rothwell 1994, 9).

Figure 3: Third-generation innovation process (Rothwell 1994, 10).

Figure 4: Fourth-generation innovation process (Rothwell 1994, 12).

Figure 5: Fifth-generation innovation process (Rothwell 1994, 27).

Figure 6: Chesbrough’s open innovation model (Chesbrough 2012, 23).

Figure 7: Macro-level model (Shaw, O'Loughlin, and McFadzean 2005, 395).

Figure 8: Micro-level model (Shaw, O'Loughlin, and McFadzean 2005, 397).

Figure 9: Innovation leadership model (Duff 2019, 197).

Figure 10: Technical and social innovation continuum (Linton 2009, 730)

Figure 11: Dimensions of academic study of innovation (Harmancioglu, Droge, and Calantone 2009, 229–263).

Figure 12: Components of a multidisciplinary innovation approach (Baregheh, Rowley, and Sambrook 2009, 1333).

Table 1: List of sources for definitions of innovation (Baregheh, Rowley, and Sambrook 2009, 1328).

Economy	Business and management	Technology, science and engineering
(Schumpeter, 1934) (Mansfield, 1963) (C. Freeman, 1974) (Nelson and Winter, 1982; OECD, 1981) (Nelson and Winter, 1982) (Dosi, 1990) (Baumol, 2002) (Chen et al., 2004) (Roper and Love, 2004) Innovation and entrepreneurship (Barnett, 1953) (Drucker, 1985) (Kuhn, 1985) (Urabe and Child, 1988) (Lundvall, 1992) (Cumming, 1998) (Salavou, 2004) (Alves et al., 2005) (John Bessant and Tidd, 2007) Management (Swan et al., 1999) (Cardinal et al., 2001) (Plessis, 2007)	(Karger and Murdick, 1966) (Knight, 1967) (Caroll, 1967) (Becker and Whisler, 1967) (Shepard, 1967) (Daft, 1978) (Van de Ven, 1986) (Tushman and Nadler, 1986) (Lewis and Seibold, 1993) (Wolfe, 1994) (Brown, 1994) (Damanpour, 1996) (Klein and Sorra, 1996) (McGrath et al., 1996) (Mone et al., 1998) (Trott, 2005) (J. Freeman and Engel, 2007) (Damanpour, 1996) Marketing (Porter, 1990) (Berthon et al., 2004)	(Myers and Marquis, 1969) (Roy Rothwell and Gardiner, 1985) (During, 1986) (Nord and Tucker, 1987) (Badawy, 1988) (Damanpour and Gopalakrishnan, 1998) (Udwadia, 1990) (Sundbo, 1996) (Dunphy et al., 1996) (Tang, 1998) (Figueroa and Conceicao, 2000) (Smits, 2002) (Francis and Bessant, 2005) Organization study (Barnett, 1953) (Thompson, 1965) (Zaltman et al., 1973) (Kimberly, 1981) (M.A. West and Farr, 1991) (Garcı´a-Morales et al., 2008)

Table 2: Results of innovation content analysis (Baregheh, Rowley, and Sambrook 2009, 1330).

	Business and management	Economy	Innovation and entrepreneurship	Technology/science/engineering	Knowledge management	Marketing	Organization study
Nature	New, 16 Change, 4	New, 24 Improved, 4	New, 10 Change, 2	New, 11 Challenge, 2 Change, 2	New, 2 Improve, 1	New, 3 Change, 2 Improve, 1	New, 4
Type	Product, 7 Process, 5 Service, 5 Program, 2	Product, 9 Process, 6 Service, 3 Technical, 3	Product, 4 Service, 4 Technical, 3	Product, 10 Service, 8 Process, 7 Technical, 3	Product, 2 Incremental, 1 Process, 1 Radical, 1 Service, 1 Technical, 1	Product, 2 Process, 1 Service, 1	Product, 4 Process, 3 Service, 3
Stages	Adoption, 3 Creation, 4 Design, 2 Implementation, 2 Development, 2	Production, 4 Introduction, 3 Manufacturing, 3 Development, 2 Commercialization, 3	Generation, 3 Application, 2 Development, 2 Implementation, 2 Acceptance, 1 Creation, 1	Adoption, 7 Development, 3 Generation, 7 Implementation, 2 Introduction, 2 Commercialization, 4 Creation, 2	Creation, 2 Decision, 1 Design, 1 Development, 1	Learning, 1 Communication, 1	Adoption, 3 Application, 2 Development, 2 Program, 2
Environment	Organization, 7 Firm, 6 Customer, 2 Developer, 2 External, 2 System, 2 Users, 2	Organization, 2 Actor, 1 Consumer, 1 Customer, 1 Social system, 1	Organization, 2 Users, 2 Customers, 1 Employee, 2	Organization, 12	Group, 1 Internal, 1 Organization, 1	Organization, 1	Firm, 5 Organization, 4 Group, 2 Unit, 2
Means	Idea, 5 Resource, 4 Invention, 3 Technology, 3 Investment, 2 Market, 2 Creativity, 1	Economy, 2 Equipment, 2 Idea, 2 Industry, 2 Market, 2 Technology, 2	Idea, 5 Creativity, 5 Invention, 2 Innovativeness, 1	Market, 6 Technology, 6 Creativity, 4 Invention, 4 Idea, 2 Innovativeness, 1	Knowledge, 2 Idea, 1 Market, 1	Technology, 1 Invention, 1	Idea, 3 Innovativeness, 3
Aims	Superior, 4 Advantage, 2 Value, 2 Competition, 2 Influence, 2 Sustain, 2 Differentiation, 2	Economic, 2 Compete, 3	Economy, 2 Need, 2 Compete, 2 Success, 2	Economic, 2 Success, 2 Differentiation, 1	Business, 1	Superior, 1

Table 3: Summary of word frequency (Baregheh, Rowley, and Sambrook 2009, 1331).

Attribute	Word frequency count
Nature of innovation	New, 76 Change, 10 Improve, 6
Type of innovation	Product, 40 Service, 25 Process, 23 Technical, 10
Aim of innovation	Competition, 7 Success, 6 Economy, 6 Superiority, 5 Differentiation, 3 Advantage, 2 Value, 2
Social context	Organization, 29 Firm, 11 Customer, 4 Group, 3 Unit, 2 Developer, 2 Employee, 2 External environment 2 Social system, 2 Workforce, 1 Consumer, 1 Internal environment, 1
Means of innovation	Idea, 22 Invention, 12 Technology, 12 Market, 11 Creativity, 10
Stages of innovation	Adoption, 13 Development, 13 Creation, 9 Implementation, 6 Commercialization, 7
Summary of attributes frequency	Type of innovation, 98 Nature of innovation, 92 Means of innovation, 69 Innovation and people, 60 Stages of innovation, 48 Aim of innovation, 31

Figure 13: Conceptual framework based on key headings.

Figure 14: Business Innovation Canvas.

Figure 15: Innovation aim excerpt from conceptual framework.

Figure 16: Innovation social context excerpt from conceptual framework.

Figure 17: Innovation means excerpt from conceptual framework.

Figure 18: Radar chart representation of the means attribute (Duff 2019, 78).

Figure 19: Innovation nature excerpt from conceptual framework.

Figure 20: Nature of innovation (Duff 2019, 18).

Figure 21: Innovation type excerpt from conceptual framework.

Figure 22: Innovation design excerpt from conceptual framework.

Figure 23: Innovation experiment excerpt from conceptual framework.

Figure 24: Innovation measurement excerpt from conceptual framework.

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